Table 1.
Results of qualitative, microbiological, and toxicological analysis of A. annua leaf powder used in the study.
| Type of Analysis | Parameter | Results | EU Regulation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualitative | Crude protein | 13.56% | (EC) No. 152/2009 |
| Crude fat | 2.88% | (EC) No. 152/2009 | |
| Crude fiber | 14.72% | (EC) No. 152/2009 | |
| Crude ash | 5.90% | (EC) No. 152/2009 | |
| Microbiological | TNG | 1.2 × 105 cfu/g | ISO 4833-1/2014 |
| Salmonella spp. | Absent/25 g | ISO 6579:2003/AC2009 | |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 3.1 × 103 cfu/g | ISO 21528-2:2007 | |
| Yeasts and molds | Penicillium and Aspergillus (4.2 × 104 col/g) | ISO 21527-2:2008 | |
| Toxicological | T2 and HT2 | 0.0661 ± 0.0067 mg/kg | 2013/165/EU (maximum = 0.1 mg/kg) |
| Total aflatoxins | 0.0069 ±0.0005 mg/kg | (EC) No 1881/2006 | |
| Ochratoxin A | 0.0181 ± 0.0011 mg/kg | (EC) No 1881/2006 (maximum = 0.25 mg/kg) | |
| Fumonisin | 0.084 ± 0.007 mg/kg | (EC) No 1881/2006 | |
| Zearalenone | 0.0237 ± 0.0032 mg/kg | (EC) No 1881/2006 (maximum = 2 mg/kg) | |
| Deoxynivalenol | 0.392 ± 0.03 mg/kg | (EC) No 1881/2006 (maximum = 8 mg/kg) | |
| Heavy metals | Cadmium | Non-quantifiable value (<OQL) | BS EN 14082:2003 |
| Arsenic | Non-quantifiable value (<ODL) | BS EN 14546:2005 | |
| Lead | Non-quantifiable value (<OQL) | BS EN 14082:2003 | |
| Mercury | 0.016 mg/kg | UNE EN 13806:2003 |
TNG: total number of germs; OQL: the quantification limit set in the laboratory; ODL: the detection limit set in the laboratory.