Table 2.

Advantages and disadvantages of each method reviewed in this study.

Method	Advantages	Disadvantages	Open-Source
Facial Landmarks	Bite detection Chew detection	Camera angle and distance can impact performance Only tested in 2D No swallow detection	Yes
Deep neural networks	Bite prediction Human body detection	Not efficient for chewing prediction Hardware and software requirements No swallow detection	Yes
Optical flow	Chewing prediction No camera angle restrictions	No bite detection Motion analysis outperformed by appearance analysis No swallow detection	Yes
Active appearance model	Chewing detection	No bite detection Not widely used No swallow detection	Yes
Video fluoroscopy	Swallow tracking	Cost and dimensions	No