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. 2022 Nov 12;14(11):2502. doi: 10.3390/v14112502

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Time-resolved dual-RNA-Seq of T4 phage infection and the fate of host (E. coli) transcripts. (a) Schematic illustration of infection-phase-specific gene expression during T4 phage infection and indicated time points at which samples for dual-RNA-Seq have been taken. (b) Fractions of reads aligned to either E. coli or T4 phage genome over the time course of T4 phage infection calculated on the basis of TPM-normalized reads. (c) Heatmap of all E. coli genes’ TPM values normalized by z-score over the time course of infection. Genes are clustered according to expression profiles. (d) Plots of lpp and ompA mRNA levels over the time course of infection based on mean TPM values normalized to TPM value in uninfected E. coli (t0) [=100%] for each RNA. (e) Plots of transcript levels of four comparably stable E. coli transcripts over the time course of infection based on mean TPM values, which were normalized to TPM value in uninfected E. coli (t0) [=100%] for each RNA.