Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Overall Population |
New-Onset HF |
Worsening CHF |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 772 | n = 339 | n = 433 | ||
| Sex male | 552 (71.5) | 222 (65.5) | 330 (76.2) | 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 65.7 (14.9) | 62.7 (16.2) | 68 (13.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 217 (28) | 73 (21.5) | 144 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 364 (47.2) | 136 (40.1) | 228 (52.7) | 0.001 |
| Active smokers | 206 (27.8) | 112 (34.8) | 94 (22.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 277 (35.9) | 76 (22.4) | 201 (46.4) | <0.001 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 25.8 (5.5) | 25.8 (5.3) | 25.8 (25.7) | 0.995 |
| COPD or chronic respiratory failure | 54 (7) | 16 (4.7) | 38 (8.8) | 0.029 |
| Renal failure (Cl < 60 mL/min) | 164 (21.2) | 24 (7.1) | 140 (32.3) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 114 (14.8) | 24 (7.1) | 90 (20.7) | <0.001 |
| Treatment before admission | ||||
| Aspirin | 288 (37.4) | 88 (26.1) | 200 (46.2) | <0.001 |
| P2Y12 inhibitors | 126 (16.3) | 53 (15.7) | 73 (16.8) | 0.671 |
| Anticoagulants | 221 (28.7) | 34 (10.1) | 187 (43.2) | <0.001 |
| VKA | 165 (21.4) | 24 (7.1) | 141 (32.6) | <0.001 |
| DOA | 56 (7.2) | 10 (3) | 46 (10.6) | <0.001 |
| Betablockers | 316 (41) | 67 (19.9) | 249 (57.5) | <0.001 |
| ACEI or ARB | 292 (37.9) | 70 (20.8) | 222 (51.3) | <0.001 |
| Sacubitril/Valsartan | 18 (2.3) | 0 | 18 (4.4) | 0.001 |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 108 (14) | 9 (2.7) | 99 (22.9) | <0.001 |
| Loop diuretics | 376 (48.7) | 65 (19.3) | 311 (71.8) | <0.001 |
| Statins | 286 (37) | 66 (19.6) | 220 (50.8) | <0.001 |
In this table, continuous variables are expressed as mean +/− SD. HF = heart failure, CHF = chronic heart failure, BMI = body mass index, SD = standard deviation, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, VKA = vitamin K antagonist, DOA = direct oral anticoagulant, ACEI or ARB = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and an angiotensin receptor blocker.