Table 3.
Characteristics of the cell-based included studies.
| Author Year |
Study Design |
Injective Product |
Product Manufacturing and Characteristics |
Injection Schedule and Amount |
Patients (Sex) Age Mean + SD |
Final F-up | mCMS | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emadedin M. 2015 [34] |
Prospective Case Series |
BM-MSC | Autologous Harvest from both iliac crests Expanded Characterized for membrane markers Tested for possible microbial contamination |
Single injection 10 mL Fluoroscopy guidance |
6 (NR) NR |
30 m | 51 | BM-MSC injection is safe and therapeutically beneficial in patients with hip OA. |
| Mardones R. 2017 [35] |
Prospective Case Series |
BM-MSC | Autologous Harvest form posterior iliac crest Expanded Characterized for membrane markers Tested for possible microbial contamination |
3 injections 1-week interval NR No guidance |
10 (5 M/5 F) 54.7 |
40 m | 54 | The IA injection of 3 consecutive weekly doses of expanded autologous BM-MSC proved to be a safe and clinically effective in patients with hip OA. |
| Rodriguez- Fontan F. 2018 [36] |
Prospective Case Series |
BMAC | Autologous Harvest from the anterior iliac crest Not expanded BioCUE Platelet Concentration System |
Single injection 12 mL US or RX guidance |
13 (NR); 58 ± 12.7 (also knee) |
24 m | 54 | IA injections of BMAC were safe and demonstrated satisfactory results for the treatment of early hip OA. |
| Dall’Oca C. 2019 [37] |
Retrospective Case Series |
MF-AT | Autologous Harvest from abdominal wall adipose tissue Not expanded Lipogems® system |
Single injection 5–10 mL Fluoroscopy guidance Traction |
6 (5 M/1 F) 52 (37–60) |
6 m | 42 | MF-AT injection provided a significant clinical improvement in patients with early hip OA. |
| Whitney KE. 2020 [38] |
Prospective Case Series |
BMAC | Autologous Harvest from the posterior iliac crest Not expanded Hematology analysis |
Single injection 6–12 mL US guidance |
21 (7 M/9 F) 57.6 ± 11 |
6 m | 57 | A single BMAC injection can significantly improve subjective pain and function scores up to 6 months in patients with symptomatic hip OA. |
| Burnham R. 2021 [39] |
Prospective Case Series |
BMAC | Autologous Harvest from the posterior iliac crest Not expanded |
Single injection 8–10 mL US guidance |
30 (64 M/48 F) 64.1 ± 9.1 |
12 m | 60 | Hip OA treated with a single BMAC injection resulted in significant improvements in pain, disability, and quality of life with a low complication rate. |
| Meadows MC. 2021 [40] |
Prospective Case Series |
ASA | Homologous Not expanded |
Single injection 4 mL US guidance |
10 (5 M/4 F) 54.2 ± 6.0 |
12 m | 53 | Promising results for relief of pain and improvement in patient-reported outcomes with IA ASA in patients affected by hip OA. |
| Heidari N. 2022 [41] |
Prospective Comparative Study |
MF-AT | Autologous Harvest from abdominal wall adipose tissue Lipogems® system |
Single injection 6 mL US guidance |
57 (21 M/36 F) 60 |
12 m | 59 | Positive role for IA injection of MF-AT + PRP as a treatment for hip OA which may be important particularly in low BMI patients where the difficulty in obtaining sufficient MF-AT. |
| MF-AT + PRP | LP-PRP Activation: Ca-chloride Rich in plts |
Single injection 6ml (4 mL MF-AT + 2 mL PRP) US guidance |
90 (53 M/37 F) 60 |
ASA, amniotic suspension allograft; BMAC, bone marrow aspirate concentrate; BMI, body mass index; BM-MSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells; F, female; F-up, follow-up; IA, intra-articular; LP-PRP, leukocyte-poor platelet rich plasma; m months; mCMS, modified Coleman Methodology Score; M, male; MF-AT, micro-fragmented adipose tissue; NR, not reported; OA, osteoarthritis; plts platelets; SD, standard deviation; US, ultrasound.