Skip to main content
. 2022 Nov 18;22(22):8952. doi: 10.3390/s22228952
Qmax (kg) the total blasting charge
L2 (m) the total length
Ρ (kg/m3) the blasting density
P0 (kg/m3) explosive density
D0 (m/s) explosive detonation velocity
db (m) explosive diameter
dc (m) borehole diameter
Pr (Pa) the initial pressure peaks of the shock wave in the rock body
ρr (kg/m3) density of the rock body
Cer (m/s) compression wave velocity of the rock body
r1 (m) shock wave radius
r2 (m) cracking area radius
α1, α2 attenuation index of the shock wave and stress wave
C damping matrix
M mass matrix
K stiffness matrix
β the stiffness ratio damping coefficient
ωi and ωj two separate reference frequencies of stage i and j
ξ the structural damping ratio
Cp and Cs two damping of P wave and S wave
ρ density
λ (kN/m2) volume elasticity coefficient
G (kN/m2) shear elasticity coefficient
E (kPa) elastic modulus
ν Poisson ratio
A (m2) cross-sectional area
R (m) the allowable safety distance for blasting
V (cm/s) the allowable safety vibration velocity for blasting
Q (kg) blasting charge, total charge of simultaneous blasting
K, α parameters and attenuation coefficients related to terrain and geological conditions between the explosive location and protected object