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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 25.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Jan 25;135:104544. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104544

Figure 3: TNFα Inhibition of Dopaminergic Signaling:

Figure 3:

1.) TNFα inhibits VMAT2 expression and/or function, resulting in less dopamine being packed into vesicles leading to reduced dopamine release. 2.) TNFα increases the expression and/or function of DAT dopamine transporters, which results in increased reuptake of dopamine from the synapse reducing the effects of dopamine.