Table 3 Glycemic variability in the>3 total complication score group vs. 0–3 total complication score group (reference). Results in the top line include parity 0 and parity 1 pregnancies. Results in italics only include parity 0 pregnancies.

	Overall OR (95% CI)	p	OR adjusted for type of glucose monitoring and parity (95% CI)	p	OR adjusted for type of glucose monitoring and BMI (95% CI)	p	OR adjusted for type of glucose monitoring and maternal age (95% CI)	p	OR adjusted for type of glucose monitoring and duration of type 1 diabetes (95% CI)	p
Mean glucose
Baseline	1.09 (0.71–1.67)	0.685	1.05 (0.62–1.78)	0.848	0.95 (0.59–1.54)	0.840	0.95 (0.59–1.52)	0.825	0.75 (0.41–1.36)	0.336
	1.12 (0.65–1.93)	0.680	NA	NA	0.98 (0.53–1.79)	0.933	0.99 (0.54–1.81)	0.962	0.80 (0.40–1.60)	0.521
Conception	1.39 (0.79–2.44)	0.253	1.56 (0.85–2.87)	0.156	1.27 (0.70–2.29)	0.439	1.45 (0.77–2.71)	0.250	1.30 (0.73–2.32)	0.374
	1.61 (0.69–3.73)	0.271	NA	NA	1.70 (0.73–4.00)	0.218	2.09 (0.70–6.25)	0.187	1.54 (0.64–3.72)	0.333
Trimester 1	1.71 (0.79–3.75)	0.175	1.97 (0.78–5.00)	0.154	1.31 (0.48–3.58)	0.605	1.64 (0.67–3.98)	0.278	1.60 (0.64–4.02)	0.318
	4.98 (1.01–24.48)	0.048	NA	NA	6.68 (0.88–50.55)	0.660	9.56 (1.02–90.21)	0.048	17.60 (0.96–322.89)	0.053
Trimester 2	1.30 (0.66–2.54)	0.451	1.35 (0.63–2.88)	0.438	1.18 (0.56–2.45)	0.667	1.16 (0.57–2.39)	0.680	1.19 (0.58–2.47)	0.637
	2.68 (0.95–7.57)	0.063	NA	NA	2.55 (0.90–7.27)	0.080	2.62 (0.90–7.65)	0.078	2.64 (0.87–7.99)	0.086
Trimester 3	1.23 (0.61–2.47)	0.564	0.93 (0.37–2.32)	0.871	0.75 (0.31–1.8)	0.525	0.81 (0.34–1.94)	0.633	0.76 (0.32–1.80)	0.535
	2.08 (0.73–5.90)	0.168	NA	NA	1.68 (0.48–5.87)	0.417	1.95 (0.48–7.86)	0.348	1.45 (0.42–4.99)	0.557
SD
Baseline	0.87 (0.49–1.55)	0.626	0.89 (0.46–1.70)	0.715	0.81 (0.43–1.55)	0.531	0.86 (0.47–1.58)	0.634	0.67 (0.33–1.38)	0.280
	0.82 (0.42–1.61)	0.572	NA	NA	0.83 (0.38–1.79)	0.631	0.89 (0.43–1.85)	0.752	0.72 (0.32–1.64)	0.437
Conception	1.13 (0.59–2.16)	0.713	1.63 (0.74–3.57)	0.226	1.21 (0.53–2.76)	0.654	1.41 (0.65–3.05)	0.382	1.27 (0.57–2.83)	0.552
	1.00 (0.40–2.49)	0.998	NA	NA	1.66 (0.50–5.50)	0.409	1.82 (0.51–6.53)	0.358	1.38 (0.38–4.92)	0.625
Trimester 1	1.62 (0.58–4.52)	0.357	5.92 (0.99–35.25)	0.051	2.27 (0.49–10.47)	0.292	2.78 (0.70–11.03)	0.146	2.52 (0.64–9.86)	0.186
	2.43 (0.59–9.95)	0.218	NA	NA	NA*	NA*	NA*	NA*	NA*	NA*
Trimester 2	1.76 (0.50–6.20)	0.376	2.26 (0.51–10.12)	0.286	2.19 (0.48–10.01)	0.312	2.11 (0.47–9.44)	0.328	1.80 (0.43–7.62)	0.424
	3.04 (0.61–15.08)	0.174	NA	NA	8.57 (0.89–82.77)	0.063	5.79 (0.72–46.71)	0.099	5.78 (0.71–46.93)	0.100
Trimester 3	1.29 (0.45–3.71)	0.633	1.10 (0.30–4.03)	0.891	1.29 (0.36–4.57)	0.697	1.17 (0.35–3.87)	0.796	1.09 (0.32–3.78)	0.891
	1.71 (0.50–5.83)	0.394	NA	NA	2.89 (0.46–18.26)	0.260	1.91 (0.40–9.08)	0.415	1.41 (0.30–6.60)	0.664
CV
Baseline	0.96 (0.88–1.04)	0.309	0.97 (0.87–1.07)	0.500	0.96 (0.86–1.06)	0.403	0.98 (0.89–1.08)	0.621	0.95 (0.85–1.07)	0.421
	0.95 (0.86–1.04)	0.260	NA	NA	0.95 (0.85–1.07)	0.418	0.98 (0.87–1.09)	0.640	0.96 (0.84–1.09)	0.488
Conception		0.97 (0.89–1.06)	0.500	1.01 (0.90–1.14)	0.847	0.99 (0.87–1.11)	0.815	1.00 (0.90–1.12)	0.912	0.99 (0.88–1.11)	0.864
	0.94 (0.83–1.06)	0.300	NA	NA	0.98 (0.83–1.16)	0.809	1.00 (0.86–1.16)	1.000	0.97 (0.84–1.13)	0.721
Trimester 1	1.00 (0.91–1.11)	0.954	1.26 (0.98–1.63)	0.073	1.11 (0.94–1.32)	0.220	1.12 (0.95–1.32)	0.185	1.10 (0.94–1.28)	0.232
	0.99 (0.89–1.10)	0.837	NA	NA	1.33 (0.94–1.87)	0.106	1.51 (0.91–2.51)	0.107	1.25 (0.95–1.65)	0.117
Trimester 2	1.02 (0.92–1.14)	0.672	1.04 (0.91–1.19)	0.568	1.06 (0.92–1.23)	0.439	1.06 (0.92–1.22)	0.460	1.04 (0.91–1.18)	0.616
	1.02 (0.90–1.15)	0.769	NA	NA	1.08 (0.92–1.28)	0.360	1.06 (0.90–1.25)	0.485	1.05 (0.89–1.23)	0.565
Trimester 3	1.00 (0.91–1.10)	0.950	1.01 (0.9–1.14)	0.811	1.06 (0.93–1.21)	0.408	1.03 (0.92–1.15)	0.623	1.03 (0.92–1.15)	0.668
	1.00 (0.90–1.12)	0.971	NA	NA	1.10 (0.92–1.32)	0.310	1.03 (0.91–1.17)	0.645	1.01 (0.88–1.15)	0.923
LBGI
Baseline	0.73 (0.36–1.47)	0.379	0.80 (0.32–1.99)	0.633	0.78 (0.34–1.83)	0.572	0.70 (0.29–1.70)	0.436	0.64 (0.24–1.70)	0.371
	0.91 (0.39–2.13)	0.827	NA	NA	1.27 (0.42–3.86)	0.668	1.04 (0.30–3.63)	0.951	1.13 (0.34–3.75)	0.844
Conception	0.92 (0.48–1.12)	0.814	0.86 (0.38–1.94)	0.715	0.93 (0.40–2.19)	0.871	1.00 (0.46–2.19)	0.997	1.21 (0.56–2.62)	0.628
	0.77 (0.38–1.59)	0.483	NA	NA	0.75 (0.28–1.98)	0.558	0.89 (0.38–2.09)	0.780	1.10 (0.45–2.65)	0.839
Trimester 1	0.78 (0.50–1.22)	0.277	0.88 (0.49–1.58)	0.669	0.98 (0.47–2.07)	0.965	0.87 (0.49–1.56)	0.647	0.83 (0.42–1.63)	0.590
	0.51 (0.23–1.12)	0.093	NA	NA	0.61 (0.22–1.71)	0.349	0.56 (0.19–1.66)	0.298	0.39 (0.08–1.88)	0.240
Trimester 2	1.57 (0.75–3.26)	0.229	1.59 (0.69–3.67)	0.273	1.61 (0.72–3.60)	0.249	1.61 (0.71–3.61)	0.253	1.92 (0.71–5.20)	0.199
	1.10 (0.50–2.43)	0.821	NA	NA	1.17 (0.50–2.75)	0.723	1.08 (0.42–2.77)	0.867	1.40 (0.50–3.94)	0.521
Trimester 3	0.99 (0.42–2.32)	0.980	0.25 (0.02–2.70)	0.255	1.59 (0.45–5.67)	0.473	0.92 (0.28–3.07)	0.893	1.20 (0.38–3.80)	0.760
	0.71 (0.27–1.89)	0.493	NA	NA	NA*	NA*	0.12 (0.01–1.93)	0.133	0.25 (0.02–2.87)	0.266
HBGI
Baseline	0.98 (0.85–1.13)	0.767	0.79 (0.81–1.17)	0.769	0.95 (0.80–1.13)	0.586	0.95 (0.81–1.12)	0.525	0.99 (0.74–1.09)	0.273
	0.97 (0.80–1.17)	0.718	NA	NA	0.95 (0.75–1.21)	0.682	0.93 (0.74–1.17)	0.540	0.92 (0.73–1.18)	0.523
Conception	1.12 (0.90–1.38)	0.317	1.31 (0.90–1.90)	0.156	1.14 (0.91–1.42)	0.251	1.22 (0.93–1.60)	0.156	1.07 (0.84–1.36)	0.600
	1.24 (0.87–1.78)	0.242	NA	NA	1.37 (0.85–2.19)	0.198	1.65 (0.93–2.94)	0.090	1.28 (0.82–2.00)	0.278
Trimester 1	1.11 (0.82–1.50)	0.500	1.21 (0.83–1.76)	0.317	0.97 (0.65–1.44)	0.879	1.10 (0.77–1.57)	0.603	1.04 (0.70–1.52)	0.863
	1.51 (0.86–2.67)	0.155	NA	NA	2.38 (0.77–7.36)	0.131	2.29 (0.81–6.46)	0.117	4.96 (0.38–64.53)	0.221
Trimester 2	1.10 (0.80–1.51)	0.565	1.16 (0.82–1.64)	0.408	1.09 (0.79–1.52)	0.598	1.08 (0.78–1.49)	0.656	1.09 (0.78–1.51)	0.612
	1.59 (0.90–2.78)	0.108	NA	NA	1.65 (0.94–2.91)	0.083	1.64 (0.91–2.95)	0.102	1.57 (0.92–2.68)	0.099
Trimester 3	0.91 (0.41–2.05)	0.823	1.97 (0.58–6.65)	0.276	0.76 (0.27–2.15)	0.602	1.15 (0.45–2.95)	0.770	0.93 (0.38–2.26)	0.875
	1.52 (0.54–4.29)	0.432	NA	NA	NA*	NA*	2.86 (0.61–13.34)	0.182	2.11 (0.57–7.88)	0.265
ADRR
Baseline	1.00 (0.94–1.07)	0.889	1.00 (0.93–1.09)	0.913	0.98 (0.91–1.06)	0.603	0.98 (0.91–1.05)	0.562	0.96 (0.89–1.04)	0.346
	1.06 (0.95–1.19)	0.285	NA	NA	1.04 (0.93–1.18)	0.475	1.04 (0.92–1.18)	0.543	1.04 (0.92–1.18)	0.524
Conception	1.10 (1.00–1.20)	0.048	1.13 (0.98–1.29)	0.084	1.11 (0.99–1.23)	0.065	1.13 (1.00–1.26)	0.043	1.09 (0.99–1.21)	0.090
	1.12 (0.99–1.26)	0.068	NA	NA	1.13 (0.98–1.30)	0.099	1.20 (0.98–1.47)	0.080	1.12 (0.96–1.30)	0.155
Trimester 1	1.02 (0.94–1.11)	0.599	1.20 (0.98–1.50)	0.081	0.98 (0.87–1.12)	0.800	1.01 (0.90–1.12)	0.93	0.96 (0.85–1.10)	0.569
	1.02 (0.92–1.14)	0.660	NA	NA	1.14 (0.90–1.44)	0.289	1.15 (0.92–1.46)	0.226	1.04 (0.84–1.28)	0.712
Trimester 2	1.14 (0.99–1.30)	0.068	1.15 (0.99–1.34)	0.077	1.20 (0.97–1.47)	0.090	1.14 (0.98–1.31)	0.087	1.62 (1.01–2.60)	0.047
	1.10 (0.96–1.26)	0.185	NA	NA	1.20 (0.96–1.50)	0.114	1.11 (0.95–1.30)	0.189	NA*	NA*
Trimester 3	0.90 (0.76–1.07)	0.251	0.81 (0.57–1.15)	0.236	0.85 (0.65–1.11)	0.224	0.75 (0.52–1.08)	0.121	0.86 (0.70–1.07)	0.181
	0.93 (0.76–1.14)	0.472	NA	NA	0.83 (0.49–1.39)	0.470	NA*	NA*	0.80 (0.52–1.21)	0.285

Statistically significant Odds Ratios are displayed in bold. ; *  OR cannot be estimated due to small n.