Table 3.
Linear-Mixed Effects Model Results of VO2peak Postchemotherapy, Postintervention, and 1 Year Postintervention
Postchemotherapy |
Postintervention |
1-Year Postintervention |
Between-Group Difference Postchemotherapy |
Between-Group Difference Postintervention |
Between-Group Difference 1-Year Postintervention |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LSM ± SE | LSM ± SE | LSM ± SE | LSM Difference (95% CI) | P Value | LSM difference (95% CI) | P Value | LSM difference (95% CI) | P Value | |
All | |||||||||
Group A | 26.3 ± 1.4 | 29.3 ± 1.5 | 29.5 ± 1.5 | 3.1 (2.2 to 4.0) | <0.001 | −0.3 (−1.3 to 0.8) | 0.64 | 0.5 (−0.7 to 1.7) | 0.43 |
Group B | 22.7 ± 1.4 | 29.1 ± 1.5 | 28.7 ± 1.5 | ||||||
Testicular | |||||||||
Group A | 31.9 ± 1.0 | 36.2 ± 1.2 | 37.5 ± 1.2 | 4.4 (2.7 to 6.1) | <0.001 | −1.3 (−3.3 to 0.7) | 0.19 | 0.5 (−1.8 to 2.7) | 0.68 |
Group B | 28.4 ± 1.0 | 38.5 ± 1.2 | 38.0 ± 1.2 | ||||||
Breast | |||||||||
Group A | 25.0 ± 0.9 | 27.6 ± 1.0 | 27.3 ± 1.0 | 2.2 (1.1 to 3.3) | <0.001 | 0.0 (−1.2 to 1.2) | 1.00 | 0.5 (−0.9 to 1.8) | 0.52 |
Group B | 20.5 ± 0.9 | 25.2 ± 1.0 | 24.5 ± 1.0 | ||||||
Colon | |||||||||
Group A | 23.4 ± 1.7 | 24.7 ± 1.9 | 22.9 ± 1.8 | 3.5 (1.2 to 5.7) | 0.004 | 1.4 (−2.0 to 4.8) | 0.40 | −1.1 (−4.6 to 2.5) | 0.53 |
Group B | 23.4 ± 1.3 | 26.7 ± 1.6 | 27.4 ± 1.5 |
P value for mixed-model between-group measures comparing changes in groups A and B from baseline to postchemotherapy, postintervention, and 1 year postintervention, adjusted for baseline values, diagnosis, and center (adjusted baseline values: all patients, 30.8; testicular cancer, 37.6; breast cancer, 27.4; colon cancer, 24.0). The LSMs are estimates extracted from the linear mixed-effects models, which means that these are adjusted for the baseline value, center and diagnosis. In group A, exercise intervention was initiated during chemotherapy; in group B, exercise intervention was initiated after chemotherapy.
LSM = least squares mean.