Table 3.
Variations in care (n = 200).
| Variation | Device characteristics | N (%)a | Patient characteristics | N (%)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No ultrasound guidance for insertion | 32 (16) | |||
| Device | Tunneled, cuffed | 14 (56) | Oncology/hematology | 9 (64.3) |
| General surgical | 4 (28.6) | |||
| Gastroenterology | 4 (28.6) | |||
| Orthopedic | 1 (7.1) | |||
| Other | 4 (28.6) | |||
| Totally implanted | 10 (48) | Oncology/hematology | 9 (64.3) | |
| General surgical | 3 (30.0) | |||
| Cystic fibrosis | 1 (10.0) | |||
| Respiratory (non-CF) | 1 (10.0) | |||
| Non-tunneled | 3 (17) | |||
| Permanent HD | 3 (60) | |||
| PICC | 1 (<1) | |||
| Temporary HD | 1 (20) | |||
| Sub-optimal tip-positioning | 43 (22) | |||
| Device | PICC | 13 (30) | Other respiratory | 6 (46) |
| Oncology/hematology | 2 (15) | |||
| Other | 2 (15) | |||
| Gastroenterology | 2 (15) | |||
| Cystic fibrosis | 1 (6) | |||
| Hepatic | 1 (6) | |||
| General surgical | 1 (6) | |||
| Tunneled cuff | 13 (30) | Oncology/hematology | 10 (77) | |
| General surgical | 3 (23) | |||
| Gastroenterology | 2 (15) | |||
| Other | 2 (15) | |||
| Totally implanted | 8 (19) | |||
| Non-tunneled | 6 (14) | |||
| Tunneled, non-cuffed | 2 (4) | |||
| Permanent HD | 1 (2) | |||
| Devices inserted with current infection | 27 (14) | |||
| Device | PICC | 83 (70) | ||
| Non-tunneled | 9 (50) | |||
| Totally implanted | 3 (14) | |||
| Permanent HD | 2 (40) | |||
| Tunneled, non-cuffed | 1 (14) | |||
| Tunneled, cuffed | 4 (16) | |||
| Temporary HD | 0 (0) | |||
| PICCs < 7 day therapy with peripherally-compatible infusates (n = 119) | 21 (11) | Orthopedic | 7 (33) | |
| Neuro | 5 (24) | |||
| Respiratory (non-CF) | 3 (14) | |||
| Other | 17 (81) | |||
| Neonates and infants with totally implanted devices | 1 (<1) | Oncology/hematology | 1 (100) | |
CF cystic fibrosis, HD hemodialysis, PICC peripherally inserted central catheter.
aDenominator of proportion (%) is the device type sample.
bDenominator of proportion (%) is the case device type sample.