Fig. 9.

Effect of HRS on cell viability and inflammatory cytokines in SH-Y5Y cells treated with LPS in each group. Cells were stimulated with LPS for 4 h and replaced with HRS medium. At 48 h after sepsis induction cells were harvested and supernatants collected for TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 detection in a time-dependent manner A–C and cell viability by CCK-8 assay D. All data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6) ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.005, *p < 0.05. HRS Hydrogen-rich saline, LPS Lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α Tumour necrosis factor alpha, IL-1β Interleukin-1 beta, IL-10 Interleukin 10