TABLE 3.
Pairwise comparison of death, cardiovascular disease, and cancer risks for combinations of body mass index and NAFLD
| Lean | Overweight/obese NAFLD | Lean non‐NAFLD | Overweight/obese non‐NAFLD |
|---|---|---|---|
| All‐cause death | |||
| 1. Lean NAFLD | 1 vs. 2 | 1 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 4 |
| 1.52 (1.33, 1.74) | 1.30 (1.14, 1.49) | 1.54 (1.35, 1.76) | |
| 2 vs. 1 | 2. Overweight/obese NAFLD | 2 vs. 3 | 2 vs. 4 |
| 0.66 (0.58, 0.75) | 0.86 (0.80, 0.92) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | |
| 3 vs. 1 | 3 vs. 2 | 3. Lean non‐NAFLD | 3 vs. 4 |
| 0.77 (0.67, 0.88) | 1.17 (1.09, 1.25) | 1.19 (1.12, 1.26) | |
| 4 vs. 1 | 4 vs. 2 | 4 vs. 3 | 4. Overweight/obese non‐NAFLD |
| 0.65 (0.57, 0.74) | 0.99 (0.93, 1.04) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.89) | |
| Liver‐related death | |||
| 1. Lean NAFLD | 1 vs. 2 | 1 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 4 |
| 2.77 (1.23, 6.24) | 2.67 (1.18, 6.03) | 2.10 (0.96, 4.57) | |
| 2 vs. 1 | 2. Overweight/obese NAFLD | 2 vs. 3 | 2 vs. 4 |
| 0.36 (0.16, 0.81) | 0.96 (0.60, 1.55) | 0.76 (0.51, 1.13) | |
| 3 vs. 1 | 3 vs. 2 | 3. Lean non‐NAFLD | 3 vs. 4 |
| 0.38 (0.17, 0.85) | 1.04 (0.65, 1.67) | 0.79 (0.52, 1.19) | |
| 4 vs. 1 | 4 vs. 2 | 4 vs. 3 | 4. Overweight/obese non‐NAFLD |
| 0.48 (0.22, 1.04) | 1.32 (0.89, 1.98) | 1.27 (0.84, 1.93) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | |||
| 1. Lean NAFLD | 1 vs. 2 | 1 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 4 |
| 0.77 (0.63, 0.94) | 1.07 (0.88, 1.32) | 0.91 (0.74, 1.10) | |
| 2 vs. 1 | 2. Overweight/obese NAFLD | 2 vs. 3 | 2 vs. 4 |
| 1.30 (1.06, 1.58) | 1.39 (1.27, 1.52) | 1.17 (1.10, 1.25) | |
| 3 vs. 1 | 3 vs. 2 | 3. Lean non‐NAFLD | 3 vs. 4 |
| 0.93 (0.76, 1.14) | 0.72 (0.66, 0.79) | 0.84 (0.78, 0.91) | |
| 4 vs. 1 | 4 vs. 2 | 4 vs. 3 | 4. Overweight/obese non‐NAFLD |
| 1.11 (0.91, 1.35) | 0.85 (0.80, 0.91) | 1.19 (1.10, 1.28) | |
| Digestive system cancers | |||
| 1. Lean NAFLD | 1 vs. 2 | 1 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 4 |
| 1.72 (1.18, 2.50) | 2.12 (1.46, 3.09) | 1.79 (1.24, 2.58) | |
| 2 vs. 1 | 2. Overweight/obese NAFLD | 2 vs. 3 | 2 vs. 4 |
| 0.58 (0.40, 0.85) | 1.23 (0.99, 1.54) | 1.04 (0.88, 1.24) | |
| 3 vs. 1 | 3 vs. 2 | 3. Lean non‐NAFLD | 3 vs. 4 |
| 0.47 (0.32, 0.69) | 0.81 (0.65, 1.01) | 0.84 (0.70, 1.02) | |
| 4 vs. 1 | 4 vs. 2 | 4 vs. 3 | 4. Overweight/obese non‐NAFLD |
| 0.56 (0.39, 0.81) | 0.96 (0.81, 1.14) | 1.19 (0.98, 1.43) | |
| Obesity‐related cancers | |||
| 1. Lean NAFLD | 1 vs. 2 | 1 vs. 3 | 1 vs. 4 |
| 1.57 (1.08, 2.27) | 2.04 (1.40, 2.96) | 1.68 (1.17, 2.42) | |
| 2 vs. 1 | 2. Overweight/obese NAFLD | 2 vs. 3 | 2 vs. 4 |
| 0.64 (0.40, 0.93) | 1.30 (1.05, 1.61) | 1.07 (0.91, 1.26) | |
| 3 vs. 1 | 3 vs. 2 | 3. Lean non‐NAFLD | 3 vs. 4 |
| 0.49 (0.34, 0.71) | 0.77 (0.62, 0.95) | 0.82 (0.69, 0.90) | |
| 4 vs. 1 | 4 vs. 2 | 4 vs. 3 | 4. Overweight/obese non‐NAFLD |
| 0.60 (0.41, 0.86) | 0.93 (0.79, 1.10) | 1.21 (1.01, 1.46) |
Note: Data are presented as hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals). Models were adjusted for sex, age, education level, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, central obesity, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, C‐reactive protein, and alanine transaminase, except for the stratification factor.
Abbreviation: NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.