Figure 4.

E. coli depletion exhibited combined anxiolytics-treated behavior patterns in mice

(A) The open-field test for each group (n = 12; data displayed as mean ± SD). The total distance travelled by the mice is measured (top left), the percentage of time spent in the center of the device (top middle) and the percentage of distance in the center of the device are calculated (top right), and the tracing of mouse movement during the 30 min test period is also recorded (bottom). ∗∗p < 0.01, T7^H versus control group.

(B) The elevated plus-maze test for each group (n = 12; data displayed as mean ± SD). The percentage of time spent in the open arms and the percentage of entries to the open arms of the device are calculated. ∗∗∗p < 0.001, T7^H versus control group.

(C) The novelty suppressed feeding test where the feeding latency was measured (n = 12; data displayed as mean ± SD). ∗p < 0.05, T7^L and T7^H versus control group.

(D) The tail suspension test where the immobility time was measured (n = 12; data displayed as mean ± SD). ∗∗p < 0.01, T7^L and T7^H versus control group.

(E) Three-chambered sociability test where the percentage of time spent in either mouse chamber or novel mouse chamber was calculated (n = 12; data displayed as mean ± SD).

(F) Pathologic morphology of the epithelium cell of small intestine and large intestine of each group exhibited reactive hyperplasia with preservation of the normal glandular architecture and nuclear polarity across the groups. The cells show mild increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, slightly enlarged nuclei, hyperchromasia, and an increased mitotic rate, while marked pleomorphism and atypical mitoses were absent. Scale bars, 0.5 mm.