Table 2.

The adjusted least squares means of clinical and radiological parameters.

Parameter	D-group (40)	F-group (31)	Difference	95% CI	p-value
EQ-5D					0.836*
Preop	0.436	0.417	− 0.019	− 0.103, 0.066	0.667†
3 mo	0.626	0.620	− 0.006	− 0.093, 0.082	0.894†
6 mo	0.660	0.683	0.023	− 0.067, 0.113	0.613†
1 yr	0.632	0.646	0.014	− 0.072, 0.100	0.744†
2 yr	0.663	0.665	0.002	− 0.083, 0.087	0.958†
3 yr	0.645	0.589	− 0.055	− 0.162, 0.052	0.310†
ODI (/45)					0.305*
Preop	23.39	22.13	− 1.26	− 5.35, 2.83	0.544†
3 mo	13.71	12.06	− 1.64	− 5.86, 2.58	0.443†
6 mo	12.62	10.22	− 2.40	− 6.73, 1.93	0.275†
1 yr	12.63	11.46	− 1.16	− 5.38, 3.05	0.586†
2 yr	12.99	10.86	− 2.13	− 6.22, 1.96	0.305†
3 yr	14.39	12.56	− 1.83	− 6.70, 3.03	0.458†
NRS-B (/10)					0.619*
Preop	5.62	6.79	1.16	− 0.09, 2.42	0.069†
3 mo	3.57	2.49	− 1.08	− 2.39, 0.23	0.105†
6 mo	3.27	2.45	− 0.82	− 2.18, 0.54	0.237†
1 yr	3.44	2.99	− 0.45	− 1.76, 0.86	0.498†
2 yr	3.33	2.69	− 0.65	− 1.90, 0.61	0.310†
3 yr	3.35	3.84	0.49	− 1.09, 2.08	0.543†
NRS-L (/10)					0.564*
Preop	6.42	6.90	0.47	− 0.91, 1.86	0.501†
3 mo	3.55	3.63	0.08	− 1.37, 1.52	0.916†
6 mo	3.19	3.05	− 0.14	− 1.64, 1.35	0.850†
1 yr	3.48	3.36	− 0.12	− 1.56, 1.32	0.870†
2 yr	4.16	2.76	− 1.40	− 2.78, − 0.01	0.048†
3 yr	4.49	3.79	− 0.70	− 2.42, 1.02	0.424†
SVA, mm					0.829*
Preop	78.74	82.77	4.03	− 19.63, 27.70	0.736†
3 mo	44.43	33.07	− 11.36	− 35.63, 12.90	0.355†
6 mo	34.55	34.00	− 0.55	− 25.14, 24.03	0.965†
1 yr	41.68	37.05	− 4.63	− 28.97, 19.71	0.707†
2 yr	39.67	39.54	− 0.13	− 23.83, 23.56	0.991†
3 yr	42.20	41.35	− 0.85	− 29.53, 27.82	0.953†
LL, °					0.070*
Preop	23.06	29.31	6.25	− 2.21, 14.72	0.145†
3 mo	29.00	37.68	8.69	0.19, 17.18	0.045†
6 mo	29.37	37.83	8.46	− 0.05, 16.97	0.051†
1 yr	29.64	37.56	7.92	− 0.58, 16.42	0.067†
2 yr	29.79	36.62	6.83	− 1.64, 15.30	0.112†
3 yr	29.40	37.13	7.72	− 1.06, 16.50	0.084†
PI-LL, °					0.210*
Preop	31.11	27.44	− 3.67	− 11.95, 4.61	0.379†
3 mo	25.56	19.07	− 6.49	− 14.80, 1.82	0.124†
6 mo	24.58	19.03	− 5.55	− 13.89, 2.78	0.188†
1 yr	24.63	19.09	− 5.54	− 13.87, 2.78	0.188†
2 yr	24.17	20.31	− 3.86	− 12.14, 4.42	0.355†
3 yr	24.93	19.26	− 5.66	− 14.28, 2.96	0.195†
PT, °					0.259*
Preop	25.81	22.09	− 3.72	− 9.11, 1.67	0.172†
3 mo	24.02	20.14	− 3.88	− 9.30, 1.54	0.157†
6 mo	23.37	20.36	− 3.01	− 8.44, 2.41	0.271†
1 yr	23.39	20.72	− 2.68	− 8.10, 2.74	0.327†
2 yr	22.48	20.56	− 1.92	− 7.31, 3.47	0.479†
3 yr	22.38	19.71	− 2.68	− 8.34, 2.99	0.350†

EQ-5D euro-quality of life-5 dimensions, ODI oswestry disability index, NRS-B numerical rating score of pain on back, NRS-L numerical rating score of pain on leg, SVA sagittal vertical axis, LL lumbar lordosis, PI-LL difference between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis, PT pelvic tilt, CI confidence interval, Preop preoperative.

*comparison between groups with time.

^†post hoc analysis.

Boldface type indicates statistical significance.