TABLE 2.
Post‐diagnosis empirical dietary inflammatory pattern scores and mortality among all confirmed colorectal cancer patients in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study (HPFS) ¶
| 5‐year colorectal cancer‐specific mortality | 5‐year all‐cause mortality | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post‐diagnosis EDIP scores | No. of cases | No. of events |
Age‐adjusted HR * (95% CI) |
Multivariable HR *, † (95% CI) | No. of events |
Age‐adjusted HR * (95% CI) |
Multivariable |
| Tertile 1 | 946 | 103 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 148 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Tertile 2 | 936 | 129 | 1.14 (0.90–1.44) | 1.14 (0.90–1.45) | 201 | 1.22 (1.01–1.49) | 1.18 (0.97–1.44) |
| Tertile 3 | 947 | 160 | 1.45 (1.15–1.81) | 1.41 (1.13–1.77) | 237 | 1.52 (1.25‐1.84) | 1.44 (1.19–1.74) |
| P trend ** | .002 | .003 | <.0001 | .0004 | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EDIP, empirical dietary inflammatory pattern; HR, hazard ratio.
Post‐diagnosis EDIP scores were estimated based on the first questionnaires returned between 6 and 48 months after diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
The inverse probability weighting method (for post‐diagnosis questionnaire data availability) was integrated into the Cox proportional hazards regression models. All Cox regression models were stratified by sex and disease stage and adjusted for age at diagnosis.
Multivariable Cox regression models originally included the following variables: year of diagnosis, tumor differentiation, tumor location, family history of colorectal cancer, pre‐diagnosis empirical dietary pattern scores, post‐diagnosis aspirin use, post‐diagnosis pack‐years of smoking, post‐diagnosis alcohol use, post‐diagnosis physical activity, post‐diagnosis body mass index, and post‐diagnosis total energy intake. A backward stepwise selection was used to select the variables for the final models.
P trend was calculated using the EDIP score as a continuous variable with the cohort‐specific ceilings of the 5th and 95th percentiles.