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. 2022 Nov 25;21(2):289–303. doi: 10.1007/s40258-022-00772-7

Table 4.

Ordinary least square regression of EQ-5D-5L index, EQ VAS and sociodemographic variables

EQ-5D index value EQ VAS score
Coeff. Robust SE 95% CI p-value Coeff. Robust SE 95% CI p-value
Chronic condition(s)
 No (ref.)
 Yes − 0.073 0.007 − 0.087, − 0.059 0.000** − 9.371 0.829 − 10.997, − 7.745 0.000**
Social assistance (yes)
 No (ref.)
Y es − 0.070 0.031 − 0.130, − 0.009 0.023*
Sex
 Male (ref.)
 Female − 0.020 0.006 − 0.032, − 0.008 0.001**
Age group, years
 18–34 (ref.)
 35–44 − 1.572 1.029 − 3.592, 0.447 0.127
 45–54 − 1.407 1.030 − 3.428, 0.613 0.172
 55–64 − 2.682 1.171 − 4.980, − 0.384 0.022*
 65+ − 4.125 1.139 − 6.361, − 1.890 0.000**
Annual household income (€)
 < 34,999 (ref.)
 35,000–62,999 0.014 0.007 0.000, 0.027 0.048* 1.894 0.871 0.185, 3.603 0.030*
 > 63,000 0.010 0.010 − 0.011, 0.030 0.354 3.966 1.229 1.554, 6.377 0.001**
 Unreported 0.016 0.008 0.001, 0.031 0.031* 2.602 1.037 0.568, 4.636 0.012*
Experience of serious illness
 No (ref.)
 Yes 1.902 0.850 0.234, 3.570 0.025*
 Constant 0.962 0.005 0.952, 0.972 0.000** 85.736 0.726 84.312, 87.161 0.000**
 AIC − 2010.75 9323.86
 BIC − 1975.23 9374.61

AIC Akaike information criterion, BIC Bayesian information criterion, CI confidence interval, Coeff. Coefficient, SE standard error, VAS visual analogue scale

**p < 0.01, *p < 0.05