Table 5.
Heterogeneous Responses among Essential Workers Based on Having a Partner at Home
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employed | Log (Weekly work hours) | |||
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| School closures (SC) | −0.070** (0.027) |
−0.162*** (0.034) |
−0.139*** (0.035) |
−0.235*** (0.067) |
| Partner at home | 0.001 (0.003) |
−0.008* (0.004) |
0.009 (0.007) |
−0.022 (0.017) |
| Partner at home × SC | 0.009 (0.020) |
0.057** (0.022) |
0.008 (0.026) |
0.085* (0.050) |
| Respondent essential | 0.006 (0.003) |
0.009* (0.006) |
0.022*** (0.007) |
0.033* (0.017) |
| Respondent essential × SC | 0.063*** (0.020) |
0.121*** (0.020) |
0.037 (0.029) |
0.108** (0.050) |
| Partner at home × Respondent essential | −0.007** (0.003) |
−0.004 (0.005) |
−0.010 (0.008) |
0.031* (0.016) |
| Partner at home × Respondent essential × SC | −0.016 (0.020) |
−0.059*** (0.019) |
−0.013 (0.033) |
−0.079 (0.058) |
| Mean 01/2019–02/2020 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 3.73 | 3.50 |
| Observations | 64,716 | 57,066 | 61,081 | 52,144 |
| R-squared | 0.038 | 0.046 | 0.027 | 0.060 |
| State FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Year FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Month FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| SC effect if respondent has an essential job, plus: | ||||
| Partner at home (SC + Respondent essential × SC + Partner at home × SC) | −0.014 | −0.043 | −0.107*** | −0.121** |
| p value | (0.6014) | (0.2112) | (0.0002) | (0.0178) |
| p value (1)=(2) | 0.1913 | |||
| p value (3)=(4) | 0.8013 | |||
| Partner NOT at home (SC + Respondent essential × SC) | −0.007 | −0.041 | −0.102*** | −0.127** |
| p value | (0.7395) | (0.1735) | (0.0016) | (0.0291) |
| p value (1)=(2) | 0.1114 | |||
| p value (3)=(4) | 0.6573 | |||
Notes: The sample includes civilian, not institutionalized, individuals from January 2019 to May 2020 Monthly CPS data living in two-parent households between 16 and 64 years old who have at least one child between 6 and 12 years old. The sample in columns (3) and (4) is made up of employed individuals who are currently working, and who were at work during the prior week. We estimate Equation (4). All regressions include demographic controls for age, age squared, number of children, educational attainment, race (reference category: white), the presence of children younger than 6 years old in the household (HH), cohabitation status, and the presence of the partner at home. We also control for the type of occupation in columns (3) and (4). Refer to Table A.1 for a detailed description of each variable. We also include the non-pharmaceutical index (TNP) to control for other social measures. Estimates are weighted using CPS weights. Robust standard errors are clustered at the state level and reported in parentheses. CPS, Current Population Survey; FE, fixed effects.
Significant at the 1% level; ** at the 5% level; * at the 10% level.