Table 5.
Statistical analysis of parental responses.
| No | Item | India (mean) | Singapore (Mean) | Average score |
t | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| India | Singapore | ||||||
| Parental attitude & belief (PA) | |||||||
| PQ1 | I believe that it is unacceptable for my child to be a cyberbully on Instagram | 3.27 | 3.41 | 3.06 | 3.25 | −1.75 | 0.041∗ |
| PQ2 | Aside from inappropriate sexual advances and cyber stalking, I do not consider harsh comments bullying | 3.10 | 3.26 | ||||
| PQ3 | I am familiar with issues related to Instagram-based cyberbullying activities (e.g., Harassment, fake accounts, denigration, impersonation, and cyber stalking). | 3.16 | 3.46 | ||||
| PQ4 | I believe regulating mobile phone usage among youth will curb Instagram bullying | 2.70 | 2.89 | ||||
| Parental perceived control (PPC) | |||||||
| PQ5 | I limit my child's time on Instagram | 3.06 | 3.56 | 3.21 | 3.69 | −4.55 | 0.000∗∗ |
| PQ6 | I monitor every post of my child's on Instagram closely | 3.56 | 4.42 | ||||
| PQ7 | I am likely to intervene when I see my child being bullied on Instagram | 3.06 | 3.81 | ||||
| PQ8 | I am completely liberal about my child's Instagram use | 3.14 | 2.99 | ||||
| Parental subjective norms (SN) | |||||||
| PQ9 | I expect that my child caters to the values of those I consider important to me with regard to Instagram content | 3.35 | 3.04 | 3.06 | 3.01 | 0.46 | 0.323 |
| PQ10 | My child's usage of Instagram is contrary to my cultural values | 2.86 | 2.86 | ||||
| PQ11 | How supportive are people in your community of your child's Instagram use? | 2.83 | 2.86 | ||||
| PQ12 | I am unconcerned about any ill repute that my child brings to me/family by their use of Instagram | 3.19 | 3.26 | ||||
| Parental behavioural intention (PB) | |||||||
| PQ13 | I intend to talk to my child about the issues of cyberbullying in the future | 3.17 | 3.32 | 3.02 | 3.32 | −2.41 | 0.009∗∗ |
| PQ14 | I want my child to be transparent with me about the type of direct messages she/he gets on Instagram | 2.77 | 3.05 | ||||
| PQ15 | I plan to talk to my child about his/her usage of Instagram infringes my family privacy | 3.14 | 3.59 | ||||
∗significant at p < 0.05; ∗∗ significant at p < 0.01; PQ #1–#15 = parental social-media behaviour instrument items.