Table 1.
Patient characteristics by diabetes, ASCVD, HF and kidney disease status
| Diabetes overall (n = 32,519) | Diabetes w/o cardiorenala (n = 21,290) | Diabetes w/ASCVD (n = 9599) | Diabetes w/HF (n = 952) | Diabetes w/kidney disease (n = 2820) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic and other characteristics, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 14,923 (45.9) | 9261 (43.5) | 4937 (51.4) | 460 (48.3) | 1300 (46.1) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 60.5 (14.0) | 57.8 (14.0) | 66.5 (12.0) | 67.1 (12.1) | 63 (13.4) |
| Age 18–44 | 4415 (13.5) | 3745 (17.6) | 419 (4.4) | 37 (3.9) | 284 (10.1) |
| Age 45–65 | 14,781 (45.5) | 10,441 (49.0) | 3594 (37.4) | 356 (37.4) | 1181 (41.8) |
| Age > 65 | 13,323 (41.0) | 7104 (33.4) | 5586 (58.2) | 559 (58.7) | 1355 (48.1) |
| Race/ethnicity: Non-Hispanic Black | 5056 (23.8) | 7794 (24.0) | 2288 (23.9) | 294 (30.9) | 738 (26.2) |
| Race/ethnicity: Hispanic | 5926 (27.8) | 8295 (25.5) | 1971 (20.5) | 101 (10.6) | 640 (22.7) |
| Race/ethnicity: other | 10,308 (48.4) | 16,430 (50.5) | 5340 (55.6) | 557 (58.5) | 1442 (51.1) |
| Married | 17,122 (52.7) | 11,667 (54.8) | 4701 (49.0) | 396 (41.6) | 1289 (45.7) |
| Year, 2008–2011 | 9878 (30.4) | 6382 (30.0) | 2976 (31.0) | 310 (32.6) | 883 (31.3) |
| Year, 2012–2015 | 11,320 (34.8) | 7391 (34.7) | 3346 (34.9) | 327 (34.4) | 1040 (36.9) |
| Year, 2016–2019 | 11,321 (34.8) | 7517 (35.3) | 3277 (34.1) | 315 (33.0) | 897 (31.8) |
| Family income: poor | 6960 (21.4) | 4136 (19.4) | 2413 (25.1) | 240 (25.2) | 773 (27.4) |
| Family income: near poor | 2349 (7.2) | 1394 (6.5) | 825 (8.6) | 77 (8.1) | 241 (8.6) |
| Family income: low income | 5777 (17.8) | 3658 (17.2) | 1785 (18.6) | 190 (20.0) | 574 (20.4) |
| Family income: middle income | 9379 (28.8) | 6312 (29.7) | 2625 (27.4) | 262 (27.5) | 753 (26.6) |
| Family income: high income | 8054 (24.8) | 5790 (27.2) | 1951 (20.3) | 183 (19.2) | 479 (17.0) |
| Region: Northeast | 5054 (15.5) | 3242 (15.2) | 1641 (17.1) | 109 (11.5) | 327 (11.6) |
| Region: West | 7579 (23.3) | 5372 (25.2) | 1797 (18.7) | 157 (16.5) | 466 (16.5) |
| Region: Midwest | 6035 (18.6) | 3847 (18.1) | 1910 (19.9) | 249 (26.2) | 1361 (48.3) |
| Region: South | 13,851 (42.6) | 8829 (41.5) | 4251 (44.3) | 437 (45.8) | 666 (23.6) |
| Insurance coverage: Public only | 13,623 (41.9) | 7589 (35.7) | 5201 (54.2) | 548 (57.6) | 1574 (55.8) |
| insurance coverage: any private | 15,982 (49.1) | 11,397 (53.5) | 3927 (40.9) | 368 (38.6) | 1047 (37.1) |
| Insurance coverage: uninsured | 2914 (9.0) | 2304 (10.8) | 471 (4.9) | 36 (3.8) | 199 (7.1) |
| Comorbid conditions, n (%) | |||||
| ASCVD | 9599 (29.5) | NA | NA | 718 (75.4) | 1371 (48.6) |
| Myocardial infarction | 3936 (12.1) | NA | 3936 (41.0) | 369 (38.8) | 606 (21.5) |
| Stroke | 3819 (11.7) | NA | 3819 (39.8) | 276 (29.0) | 617 (21.9) |
| Angina | 2451 (7.5) | NA | 2451 (25.5) | 223 (23.4) | 410 (14.5) |
| Heart failure | 952 (2.9) | NA | 718 (7.5) | NA | 227 (8.1) |
| Kidney disease | 2820 (8.7) | NA | 1371 (14.3) | 227 (23.8) | NA |
| Arthritis | 16,358 (50.3) | 9185 (43.1) | 6234 (64.9) | 667 (70.1) | 1848 (65.5) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 3156 (9.7) | 1313 (6.2) | 1641 (17.1) | 272 (28.6) | 468 (16.6) |
| Asthma | 4662 (14.3) | 2619 (12.3) | 1791 (18.7) | 222 (23.3) | 517 (18.3) |
| high cholesterol | 23,071 (71.0) | 13,831 (65.0) | 7981 (83.1) | 779 (81.8) | 2311 (82.0) |
| Cancer | 5132 (15.8) | 2688 (12.6) | 2158 (22.5) | 235 (24.7) | 600 (21.3) |
| Depression | 4827 (14.8) | 2686 (12.6) | 1839 (19.2) | 253 (26.6) | 557 (19.8) |
| Healthcare spending, mean (SE)b | |||||
| Overall costs | 13,829 (213) | 9844 (196) | 21,542 (501) | 32,654 (1571) | 26,652 (1060) |
| Medical costs | 9301 (172) | 6203 (153) | 15,372 (400) | 24,837 (1,465) | 18,844 (779) |
| Prescription costs | 4528 (98) | 3642 (113) | 6170 (180) | 7817 (476) | 7808 (495) |
ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure
aComorbidities of interest were ASCVD, HF, and kidney disease
bAnalyses were not adjusted for covariates. Survey weights and procedures were utilized. See text for details on ascertainment of spending and definitions of cardiorenal conditions