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. 2022 Nov 27;23:70. doi: 10.1186/s12868-022-00756-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — CIH induced activation of astrocytes. a GFAP immunohistochemical staining and GFAP + cell count in each subregion of the hippocampus. b Sholl analysis of morphological changes of astrocytes under CIH. Scale bar = 50 μm. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used to compare the control, CIH 2w, CIH 4w, and CIH 6w group. There were three rat brain slices in each group, and 5–6 visual fields were randomly selected according to different subregions for statistical analysis. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001