Table 2. The variance components and broad-sense heritability (H²) across growing seasons and conditions for SRIs, yield traits, and grain yield.

Traits	σ2g	σ2ge	σ2ε	σ2p	H2 (%)
SR	0.85848***	0.65401***	0.20993	1.03948	82
NDVI	0.00160***	0.00117***	0.00025	0.00191	83
GNDVI	0.00117***	0.00021***	0.00046	0.00126	92
NWI	0.00008***	0.00001***	0.00002	0.00008	94
PRI	0.00010***	0.00005***	0.00002	0.00012	87
NCPI	0.00062***	0.00046***	0.00034	0.00077	81
ARI	0.00353***	0.00440***	0.00313	0.00490	72
XES	0.39091***	0.10203***	0.23423	0.43593	89
mCRI	4571.54***	1806.83***	2359.47	5219.87	87
SIPI	0.00045***	0.00079***	0.00063	0.00070	64
PSRI	0.00009***	0.00004***	0.00009	0.00010	84
PNSI	0.00089***	0.00186***	0.00069	0.00141	63
EVI	0.00260***	0.00253***	0.00128	0.00334	77
MSAVI	0.00055***	0.00098***	0.00044	0.00083	66
OSAVI	0.00114***	0.00242***	0.00089	0.00182	62
SG	265.878***	12.0964ns	247.537	289.531	91
CTD	0.32023***	0.05887***	0.04501	0.33870	94
DTH	16.6434***	0.88769***	1.15631	16.9617	98
PH	52.2990***	0.00000ns	11.2731	53.2384	98
NSM	5307.68***	300.070**	2019.69	5551.01	95
NKS	58.9122***	6.02268***	25.9533	62.5806	94
WKS	0.17350***	0.00592ns	0.05317	0.17941	96
HKW	0.35090***	0.00000ns	0.09317	0.35867	97
BY	1.79138***	0.65522***	1.16846	2.05256	87
GY	0.75314***	0.06768**	0.50374	0.81204	92

Note:

σ²_g = genotypic variance, σ²_p = phenotypic variance, σ²_ge = genotype × environment interaction variance, σ²_ε = residual/error variance. ^ns, **, and *** Indicate non-significant, significant at p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively. Additional details are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 2.