TABLE 1.
Patient Demographics and Injury Data
| No RA |
RA |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 463 (81%) | n = 111 (19%) | p | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 77 (8) | 76 (8) | 0.46 |
| Female, n (%) | 179 (39) | 44 (40) | 0.85 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White | 386 (83) | 100 (90) | 0.15 |
| African American | 9 (2) | 4 (4) | |
| Asian | 12(3) | 2(2) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 47 (10) | 4 (4) | |
| Other/unknown | 9 (2) | 1(1) | |
| Trauma mechanism, n (%) | 0.06 | ||
| MVC | 205 (44) | 50 (45) | |
| Fall | 175 (38) | 43 (39) | |
| Pedestrian struck | 27 (6) | 1(1) | |
| Bicycle | 8 (2) | 1 (1) | |
| MCC | 28(6) | 5(5) | |
| Other | 20 (4) | 11 (10) | |
| Intubation (prehospital or ED), n (%) | 39 (8) | 7 (6) | 0.46 |
| ISS, median (IQR) | 14(11–19) | 14 (10–17) | 0.25 |
| ISS | 17 | 0.61 | |
| <15 | 241 (52) | 62 (56) | |
| 15–24 | 176 (38) | 41 (37) | |
| >24 | 46 (10) | 8 (7) | |
| Maximum chest AIS, n (%) | 0.04 | ||
| 2 | 20(4) | 0(0) | |
| 3 | 387 (84) | 97 (87) | |
| 4 | 48(10) | 12 (11) | |
| 5 | 8(2) | 1(1) | |
| 6 | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | |
| Maximum head AIS, n (%) | 0.12 | ||
| 0 | 308 (66) | 84 (76) | |
| 1 | 18(4) | 5(4) | |
| 2 | 137 (30) | 22 (20) | |
| Maximum spine AIS, n (%) | 0.55 | ||
| 0 | 279 (60) | 72 (65) | |
| 1 | 17(3) | 2(2) | |
| 2 | 169 (37) | 37 (33) | |
| Flail segment, n (%) | 49 (11) | 31 (28) | <0.001 |
| Hemothorax, pneumothorax, or hemopneumothorax, n (%) | 191 (41) | 75 (68) | <0.001 |
| Tube thoracostomy, n (%) | 127 (27) | 53 (48) | <0.001 |
| Sternal fracture, n (%) | 74 (16) | 18 (16) | 0.95 |
| Trauma center, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| 1 | 121(26) | 17 (15) | |
| 2 | 31(7) | 2(2) | |
| 3 | 48(10) | 16 (14) | |
| 4 | 26(6) | 8(7) | |
| 5 | 164 (35) | 37 (33) | |
| 6 | 18(4) | 1(1) | |
| 7 | 55 (12) | 30 (27) |
AIS, Abbreviated Injury Score; ED, emergency department; IQR, interquartile range; MCC, motorcycle collision; MVC, motor vehicle collision.