TABLE 3.
Multivariable analysis of factors associated with overall survival of patients in National Cancer Data Base treated with and without radiotherapy for margin-negative (R0) early-stage non-small cell lung cancer from 2004 to 2013
| Characteristic | p value | HR | 95% CI |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upper | Lower | |||
|
| ||||
| Facility type | ||||
| Community cancer program (RL) | ||||
| Comprehensive community cancer program | <0.001 | 0.924 | 0.897 | 0.951 |
| Academic/research program | <0.001 | 0.871 | 0.844 | 0.898 |
| Integrated network cancer program | <0.001 | 0.915 | 0.879 | 0.953 |
| Other specified types of cancer programs | 0.006 | 0.694 | 0.535 | 0.902 |
| Facility location | ||||
| New England (RL) | ||||
| Middle Atlantic | 0.626 | 0.990 | 0.952 | 1.030 |
| South Atlantic | 0.171 | 1.026 | 0.989 | 1.065 |
| East North Central | <0.001 | 1.089 | 1.048 | 1.131 |
| East South Central | <0.001 | 1.154 | 1.106 | 1.204 |
| West North Central | 0.572 | 1.013 | 0.969 | 1.059 |
| West South Central | <0.001 | 1.087 | 1.039 | 1.137 |
| Mountain | 0.509 | 1.018 | 0.965 | 1.074 |
| Pacific | 0.998 | 1.000 | 0.959 | 1.043 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male (RL) | ||||
| Female | <0.001 | 0.715 | 0.704 | 0.727 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≥65 | <0.001 | 1.397 | 1.364 | 1.432 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White (RL) | ||||
| Black | 0.089 | 1.027 | 0.996 | 1.059 |
| Other | <0.001 | 0.794 | 0.747 | 0.843 |
| Hispanic identification | ||||
| Non-hispanic (RL) | ||||
| Hispanic | <0.001 | 0.860 | 0.811 | 0.911 |
| Insurance status | ||||
| Not insured (RL) | ||||
| Private insurance/managed care | <0.001 | 0.830 | 0.771 | 0.893 |
| Medicaid | <0.001 | 1.213 | 1.116 | 1.317 |
| Medicare | 0.207 | 1.049 | 0.974 | 1.131 |
| Other government | 0.233 | 0.931 | 0.829 | 1.047 |
| Insurance status unknown | 0.069 | 0.910 | 0.821 | 1.007 |
| Urban/rural | ||||
| Counties in metro areas of 1 million population or more (RL) | ||||
| Counties in metro areas of 250,000 to 1 million population | <0.001 | 1.084 | 1.062 | 1.107 |
| Counties in metro areas of fewer than 250,000 population | <0.001 | 1.059 | 1.030 | 1.089 |
| Urban population of 20,000 or more, adjacent to a metro area | <0.001 | 1.108 | 1.066 | 1.152 |
| Urban population of 20,000 or more, not adjacent to a metro area | 0.849 | 0.993 | 0.928 | 1.064 |
| Urban population of 2500 to 19,999, adjacent to a metro area | <0.001 | 1.075 | 1.036 | 1.117 |
| Urban population of 2500 to 19,999, not adjacent to a metro area | <0.001 | 1.115 | 1.063 | 1.170 |
| Completely rural or less than 2500 urban population, adjacent to a metro area | 0.021 | 1.098 | 1.014 | 1.189 |
| Completely rural or less than 2500 urban population, not adjacent to a metro area | 0.108 | 1.067 | 0.986 | 1.154 |
| Patient distance from facility | ||||
| >20 miles | 0.575 | 0.994 | 0.973 | 1.016 |
| Comorbidity score | ||||
| Score = 0 | <0.001 | 1.249 | 1.229 | 1.269 |
| Tumor size | ||||
| <3 cm (RL) | ||||
| 3–7 cm | <0.001 | 1.384 | 1.359 | 1.409 |
| Nodal disease | ||||
| N0 (RL) | ||||
| N1 | <0.001 | 1.902 | 1.855 | 1.949 |
| Nx | <0.001 | 1.236 | 1.189 | 1.286 |
| Type of surgery | ||||
| Less than lobectomy (RL) | ||||
| Lobectomy/bilobectomy | <0.001 | 0.780 | 0.763 | 0.798 |
| Pneumonectomy | 0.958 | 0.999 | 0.953 | 1.046 |
| Surgery, NOS | 0.681 | 0.962 | 0.799 | 1.158 |
| Nodes examined | ||||
| 0 (RL) | ||||
| 1–9 | <0.001 | 0.778 | 0.756 | 0.800 |
| 10+ | <0.001 | 0.679 | 0.657 | 0.701 |
| FNA | 0.248 | 0.883 | 0.716 | 1.090 |
| Sampling, NOS | <0.001 | 0.703 | 0.630 | 0.784 |
| Dissection, NOS | <0.001 | 0.714 | 0.679 | 0.750 |
| Unknown | <0.001 | 0.804 | 0.764 | 0.847 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| Not received (RL) | ||||
| Received | <0.001 | 0.751 | 0.732 | 0.770 |
| Post-operative radiotherapy | ||||
| No (RL) | ||||
| Yes | <0.001 | 1.339 | 1.282 | 1.399 |
CI confidence interval, FNA fine needle aspiration, HR hazard ratio, NOS not otherwise specified, RL reference level