Table 3.
Difference between mothers and fathers.
| Measures | Mothers Mean (SD) | N | Fathers Mean (SD) | N | t | p | d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 measures | |||||||
| Repetitive negative thinking | 17.246 (10.280) | 179 | 12.791 (9.624) | 84 | 3.450 | < 0.001 | 0.447 |
| Attentional bias | −7.249 (15.645) | 171 | −9.301 (15.490) | 84 | 0.991 | 0.323 | 0.132 |
| Implicit associations | 0.066 (0.295) | 171 | 0.032 (0.248) | 84 | 0.965 | 0.336 | 0.125 |
| T4 measures | |||||||
| Bonding | 4.323 (0.419) | 180 | 4.025 (0.378) | 88 | 5.839 | < 0.001 | 0.746 |
| Prenatal depressive symptoms | 4.475 (3.597) | 185 | 2.534 (2.840) | 89 | 3.042 | 0.003 | 0.392 |
| T5 measures | |||||||
| Infant temperament | 1.831 (0.359) | 169 | 1.919 (0.293) | 71 | 1.816 | 0.071 | 0.257 |
T-tests on T1 measures is run with participants from T4. Repetitive negative thinking = PTQ at T1, Implicit associations as measured by the Single Category Implicit Association Task, Attentional bias = bias to sad infant faces as measured by Emotional Dot-Probe Task, Prenatal depressive symptoms = EPDS at T1, Bonding = MPAS or PPAS at T4, Infant temperament = PSI-CD at T5. Bold values are significant at 0.05 level.