Table 3.
Hierarchical Regression Analysis of Household Chaos and Child Health Behaviors
| Variables | Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | |
|
| ||||||
| Physical activity (PA) | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Moderate-to-vigorous PA | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Household chaos | −.35 | [−1.36, .66] | −.25 | [−1.22, 0.71] | −.51 | [−1.50, .49] |
| Child age | -- | -- | −2.83 | [−6.13, 0.47] | −2.56 | [−5.86, .75] |
| Child sex | -- | -- | −11.05** | [−18.04, −4.07] | −10.90** | [−17.72, −4.09] |
| Child BMI z-score | -- | -- | −2.72 | [−6.34, .92] | −1.71 | [−5.41, 1.98] |
| Economic assistance | -- | -- | −.38 | [−7.99, 7.22] | −3.03 | [−10.7, 4.65] |
| Number of children in household | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4.31* | [.93, 7.07] |
| Parent weekly MVPA | -- | -- | -- | -- | −.66 | [−1.85, .52] |
| Child PA self-efficacy | -- | -- | -- | -- | .48 | [−.64, 1.61] |
| Child PA support | -- | -- | -- | -- | .72 | [−.23, 1.68] |
|
| ||||||
| Model adjusted R2 | −0.01 | .09 | .14 | |||
| Model p-value | .49 | .01 | <.01 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Total PA | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Household chaos | .95 | [−2.02, 4.11] | 1.40 | [−1.75, 4.55] | .47 | [−2.69, 3.67] |
| Child age | -- | -- | −12.62 | [−23.34, −1.91] | −11.51 | [−22.07, −.96] |
| Child sex | -- | -- | −9.86 | [−32.53, 12.81] | −9.42 | [−31.18, 12.35] |
| Child BMI z-score | -- | -- | −5.33 | [−17.15, 6.50] | −1.45 | [−13.25, 10.35] |
| Economic assistance | -- | -- | −11.13 | [−35.83, 13.57] | −20.98 | [−45.48, 3.51] |
| Number of children in household | -- | -- | -- | -- | 15.40** | [4.58, 26.21] |
| Parent weekly MVPA | -- | -- | -- | -- | −2.75 | [−6.54, 1.04] |
| Child PA self-efficacy | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.91 | [−1.69, 5.51] |
| Child PA support | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.75 | [−.30, 5.81] |
|
| ||||||
| Model adjusted R2 | −.01 | .03 | .11 | |||
| Model p-value | .55 | .18 | .01 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Sedentary behavior (SB) | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Total SB | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Household chaos | .45 | [−3.8, 4.7] | .59 | [−3.65, 4.84] | .88 | [−3.67, 5.43] |
| Child age | -- | -- | 4.18 | [−10.26, 18.62] | 4.07 | [−10.50, 18.64] |
| Child sex | -- | -- | 13.20 | [−17.36, 43.75] | 15.66 | [−16.18, 47.51] |
| Child BMI z-score | -- | -- | 4.45 | [−11.49, 20.38] | 4.43 | [−11.66, 20.53] |
| Economic assistance | -- | -- | −29.08 | [−62.36, 4.20] | −26.99 | [−62.14, 8.15] |
| Number of children in household | -- | -- | -- | -- | −.15 | [−15.68, 15.38] |
| Parent daily screen-time | -- | -- | -- | -- | −3.97 | [−17.02, 9.09] |
|
| ||||||
| Model adjusted R2 | −.01 | −.0003 | −0.02 | |||
| Model p-value | .83 | .43 | .63 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Screen-time | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Weekday screen-time | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Household chaos | .11** | [.03, .19] | .10* | [.02, .17] | .07 | [−.01, .15] |
| Child age | -- | -- | .29* | [.04, .55] | .30* | [.05, .55] |
| Child sex | -- | -- | .24 | [−3.1, .79] | .08 | [−.48, .63] |
| Child BMI z-score | -- | -- | .29* | [.005,.58] | .30* | [.02, .58] |
| Economic assistance | -- | -- | .03 | [−.56, .63] | −.18 | [−.79, .43] |
| Number of children in household | -- | -- | -- | -- | .16 | [−.11, .43] |
| Parent daily screen-time | -- | -- | -- | -- | .27* | [.05, .50] |
|
| ||||||
| Model adjusted r2 | .06 | .12 | .15 | |||
| Model p-value | <.01 | <.01 | <.01 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Weekend screen-time | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Household chaos | .13** | [.05, .22] | .13** | [.05, .21] | .09* | [.004, .17] |
| Child age | -- | -- | .25 | [−.04, .52] | .25 | [−.02, .52] |
| Child sex | -- | -- | −.02 | [−.61, .57] | −.25 | [−.83, .34] |
| Child BMI z-score | -- | -- | .27 | [−.04, .58] | .28 | [−.02, .58] |
| Economic assistance | -- | -- | −.36 | [−.99, .29] | −.62 | [−1.27, .02] |
| Number of children in household | -- | -- | .18 | [−.11, .46] | ||
| Parent daily screen-time | -- | -- | -- | -- | .38** | [.14, .62] |
|
| ||||||
| Model adjusted R2 | .08 | .12 | .19 | |||
| Model p-value | <.01 | <.01 | <.001 | |||
a
Model 1 consists of only household chaos and the outcome variable of interest.
b
Model 2 includes household chaos, the outcome variable of interest, and any confounders identified from the literature.
c
Model 3 includes household chaos, the outcomes variable of interest, any confounders, and covariates identified from the literature.
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001