FIG. 2.

Effect of downregulation of phorbol ester-sensitive PKCs on R. rickettsii-induced NF-κB activation. Activated NF-κB was assayed by gel shift analysis of nuclear extracts derived from the following EC samples: untreated, uninfected EC (φ/φ); EC infected with R. rickettsii in the absence of PMA pretreatment (φ/Rr); EC challenged with PMA (20 ng/ml) in the absence of PMA pretreatment (φ/PMA); EC pretreated with PMA (100 ng/ml) with no subsequent challenge or infection (PMA/φ); EC pretreated for 48 h with PMA (100 ng/ml), followed by R. rickettsii-infection (3 h) (PMA/Rr); and EC pretreated for 48 h with PMA (100 ng/ml), followed by PMA (20 ng/ml) challenge for 30 min (PMA/PMA).