Table 4.
Results from multinomial regression models examining associations between selected respondent characteristics and longitudinal changes in fertility preferences due to COVID-19 between July 2020 and January 2021 among participants who had a decreased desire for childbearing in July 2020 (n = 1353).
| No change | Decrease to Resolution |
Decrease to delay |
Continued Decrease |
Decrease to Increase |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aRRR | 95% CI | aRRR | 95% CI | aRRR | 95% CI | aRRR | 95% CI | ||
| Age (continuous, scaled in 5-year intervals, centered at mean) | 0.95 | 0.82–1.11 | 0.77** | 0.66–0.91 | 0.91 | 0.79–1.04 | 0.81 | 0.52–1.27 | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| White | ref | ||||||||
| Black | 0.68 | 0.25–1.83 | 1.72 | 0.76–3.89 | 1.39 | 0.69–2.81 | 2.34 | 0.27–20.14 | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 0.80 | 0.48–1.31 | 0.91 | 0.54–1.55 | 0.63 | 0.38–1.04 | 1.43 | 0.42–4.90 | |
| Latina | 1.28 | 0.68–2.41 | 2.62*** | 1.48–4.65 | 2.10** | 1.27–3.48 | 2.14 | 0.44–10.26 | |
| Multiracial, Alaska Native, Native American, Other, or Unknown | 0.94 | 0.51–1.74 | 2.02* | 1.18–3.47 | 1.29 | 0.78–2.13 | 0.78 | 0.10–6.24 | |
| Education | |||||||||
| Less than college | ref | ||||||||
| College or more | 1.13 | 0.76–1.69 | 1.17 | 0.78–1.74 | 1.23 | 0.87–1.75 | 1.74 | 0.50–6.00 | |
| Household income | |||||||||
| <$25,000 | ref | ||||||||
| $25,000 - $49,999 | ref | 0.90 | 0.51–1.61 | 0.85 | 0.49–1.49 | 1.15 | 0.70–1.89 | 1.31 | 0.21–8.34 |
| $50,000 - $99,999 | 0.79 | 0.46–1.33 | 0.72 | 0.43–1.20 | 0.82 | 0.51–1.32 | 1.36 | 0.26–7.09 | |
| ≥$100,000 | 0.95 | 0.54–1.65 | 0.71 | 0.40–1.23 | 0.86 | 0.51–1.43 | 1.15 | 0.20–6.77 | |
| Lost income due to COVID-19 | |||||||||
| No | ref | ||||||||
| Yes | 1.18 | 0.84–1.66 | 1.67** | 1.19–2.36 | 1.80*** | 1.34–2.43 | 0.60 | 0.21–1.71 | |
| Parity | |||||||||
| 1 birth | ref | ||||||||
| Nulliparous | 1.28 | 0.75–2.20 | 0.59* | 0.37–0.93 | 0.60* | 0.38–0.93 | 1.39 | 0.38–5.09 | |
| ≥2 births | 1.64 | 0.99–2.72 | 0.34*** | 0.20–0.56 | 1.03 | 0.69–1.53 | 0.91 | 0.23–3.54 | |
| Partnership Status | |||||||||
| Not living with partner | ref | ||||||||
| Living with partner | 1.16 | 0.76–1.78 | 1.87** | 1.22–2.86 | 1.24 | 0.85–1.82 | 3.62* | 1.02–12.84 | |
| Number of COVID restrictions in place, July 2020 a | 1.07 | 0.98–1.16 | 1.05 | 0.97–1.14 | 1.09* | 1.01–1.17 | 1.06 | 0.84–1.33 | |
* - p < 0.05 ** - p < 0.01 *** - p < 0.001.
a
– Types of COVID-19 related restrictions: social or physical distancing, masks required in public spaces, stay at home order, shelter in place, curfew, ban on non-essential gatherings, ban on large groups, restrictions on bars, restaurants, theaters, school closures, or recommended working from home.