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. 2022 Apr 15;15(6):1257–1269. doi: 10.1038/s41385-022-00513-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — In vitro polarised Th0 cells were cultured with αCD3, αCD28 and IL-2 only, and Th1 cells with the addition of IL-12, for 4 days with or without exogenous IL-10. a The percentage of IFNγ⁺ CD44^hi CD4⁺ T cells measured in Th0 (top) and Th1 (bottom) cultures. b The concentration (pg/ml) of IL-5 and IL-13 measured in culture supernatants of in vitro polarised Th0 cells cultured as above and with or without anti-IFNγ. c The concentration (pg/ml) of IL-5, IL-13 and IFNγ measured in culture supernatants of in vitro polarised Th1 cells cultured with or without exogenous IL-10. Graphed data are shown with mean ± 1 SD and are representative of two independent experiments with n = 5 per experiment. Statistical significance was calculated by Student’s t test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test for multiple comparisons between groups (Significance *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001).