Table 1.
Recommendations for multimodality monitoring using ICP, PbtO2, and CMD monitoring. Derived and modified from [28]. ICP intracranial pressure, PbtO2 partial brain tissue oxygen pressure, CMD cerebral microdialysis, PRx pressure reactivity index, CPPopt optimal cerebral perfusion pressure
| Modality | Normal | Desirable | Injury threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICP | ~ 10 mmHg | < 20 mmHg | > 22–25 mmHg |
| PRx for CPPopt | < 0 | < 0.05 | > 0.25 |
| PbtO2 | ~ 30 mmHg | 20–25 mmHg | < 15 mmHg |
| Lactate:pyruvate ratio | < 25 | < 25 | > 25 |
| Brain glucose | 1–2 mmol/L | < 0.8 mmol/L | < 0.5 mmol/L |