Skip to main content
. 2022 Sep 22;56(12):2066–2076. doi: 10.1007/s43465-022-00756-8

Table 3.

Alignment classification of healthy young adult population based on the CPAK classification system

Side Varus aHKA (n = 202) Neutral aHKA (n = 235) Valgus aHKA (n = 63)
Right Left Right Left Right Left
Number 92 110 117 118 41 22
mHKA  – 4.04 (2.71)  – 4 (2.76)  – 0.71 (1.78)  – 0.80 (1.79) 2.70 (1.50) 2.59 (1.70)
mLDFA 90.56 (2.01) 91.02 (2.61) 87.76 (2.33) 87.77 (2.53) 85.58 (2.50) 86.68 (3.07)
mMPTA 85.54 (2.04) 85.82 (2.50) 87.21 (2.17) 88.06 (2.37) 89.65 (2.91) 90.31 (2.98)
aHKA  – 5.02 (1.75)  – 5.2 (2.34)  – 0.54 (1.29)  – 0.18 (1.33) 4.07 (1.60) 3.63 (1.21)
JLO 176.10 (3.66) 176.85 (4.54) 175.24 (5.19) 176.32 (4.51) 175.24 (5.19) 177 (5.93)
CPAK phenotype assessment
CPAK 1 106 (21.2%)
CPAK 2 128 (25.6%)
CPAK 3 30 (6%)
CPAK 4 84 (16.8%)
CPAK 5 98 (19.6%)
CPAK 6 29 (5.8%)
CPAK 7 12 (2.4%)
CPAK 8 9 (1.8%)
CPAK 9 4 (0.8%)

mLDFA mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, mMPTA mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, aHKA arithmetic HKA