. 2022 Nov 28;12:20488. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24198-2

Table 1.

Chemical composition of materials (mass fraction)/%.

Type	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	SO₃	MgO	R₂O	K₂O	Na₂O	Loss
Cement	56.78	25.52	7.51	2.89	2.43	1.33	0.93	0.67	0.49	1.45
Natural sand	0.11	90.76	4.59	0.73	0.05	0.18	–	2.16	0.39	0.87
Desert sand	9.56	55.61	4.77	2.44	0.05	2.32	–	2.54	2.08	10.38