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. 2022 Nov 28;13:7328. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35063-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Evolutionary scenario of chromosome rearrangements and structural evolution from the eudicot ancestor to tree peony and other plants. The chromosomes are labelled with different colours to indicate the evolution of segments from a common ancestral reconstructed karyotype (ARK, n = 7 and n = 21) with seven protochromosomes. The chromosome length is zoomed out 100-fold. WGD events are labelled, and the estimated speciation time is indicated on tree branches. b Expansion of five types of histones (H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). c Heatmaps detailing the expansion and expression patterns of histones H2 and H3. The colour of the scale bars represents relative expression. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.