Table 2.

Microbiological parameters of final composite diagnosis.

1. EBV-associated disorder (10 patients)

Etiological diagnosis: two histologically confirmed CNS lymphoma

Clinical diagnosis: three clinical suspected CNS lymphoma and five EBV encephalitis.

Five CSF EBV PCR positive1

2. CMV encephalitis (11 patients)

Etiological diagnosis: all 11 patients CSF CMV PCR positive.

3. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (14 patients)

Etiological diagnosis: nine patients CSF JCV PCR positive2

Clinical diagnosis: five patients had typical clinical manifestation and consistent brain MRI features

4. Toxoplasma encephalitis (six patients)

Clinical diagnosis: all six patients had positive serum anti-Toxoplasma IgG and consistent brain MRI features.

5. Cryptococcal meningitis (eight patients)

Etiological diagnosis: all CSF cryptococcal antigen positive.

6. CNS tuberculous (five patients)

Etiological diagnosis: two CSF GeneXpert MTB/RIF positive3

Clinical diagnosis: three had confirmed tuberculosis in other organs and consistent brain MRI features that responded to antituberculosis treatment.

EBV, Epstein–Barr virus; CMV, cytomegalovirus; CNS, central nervous system; PCR，polymerase chain reaction. ¹CSF EBV PCR was performed in six patients. ²CSF JCV PCR was performed in 11 patients. ³CSF GeneXpert MTB/RIF was performed in five patients.