Table S1. Macroscopic scoring for anastomotic complications.

Score	Observation
0	No adhesions or abnormalities
1	Adhesion to fat pad, clean anastomosis underneath
2	Adhesion to intestinal loop, abdominal wall or other organ
3	Anastomotic defect found underneath adhesion, no other abnormalities
4	Signs of possible contamination (e.g., small abscesses)
5	Clear anastomotic complication; spread of pus, obstruction at anastomosis, sign of peritonitis
6	Fecal peritonitis/death due to peritonitis