Table 3. Treatments Used for Autoimmune Encephalitis and Associated Adverse Reactions.
| Type of treatment used | No. of patients who received ā„1 of each treatment (nā=ā84) | Types and frequency of documented adverse reactionsa |
|---|---|---|
| Corticosteroids (intravenous, oral, or both) | 78 | Steroid-related psychosis or agitation, 5; mania, 1; depression, 1; gastritis, 1; avascular necrosis of the hip, 1; insomnia, 1; heart failure, 1; colonic fistula, 1; myopathy, 1 |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin | 30 | Aseptic meningitis, 2; alopecia, 1; confusion, 1 |
| Plasma exchange | 16 | NA |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 11 | NA |
| Rituximab | 10 | Headache, 1 |
| Azathioprine | 2 | Nausea, 1 |
| Cyclophosphamide | 2 | NA |
| Methotrexate | 1 | NA |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone | 1 | NA |
Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
a
Given the details were obtained from medical record review at the time of misdiagnosis, this could underestimate the number of adverse reactions.