Figure 5.

Cy5–DNA delivery by LDHs into leaf epidermis cells of GFP-expressing transgenic N. benthamiana line 16c. A, Representative confocal images of untreated leaves and leaves infiltrated with Cy5-DNA (10 mg L⁻¹) and LDH–Cy5–DNA (100 mg L⁻¹ LDH, 10 mg L⁻¹ Cy5–DNA) at 90-min post infiltration. B, Statistical colocalization coefficient, for example Pearson’s correlation coefficient of Cy5 with intracellular GFP, n = 3 (independent infiltration on three leaves from three plants). The lower-case letter with the bar indicates statistical significance with P < 0.05, by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s analysis, data represented as mean ± sem.