Composition of the bacterial community associated with rhizosheath formation in white lupin transgenic hairy root (OE-LaPAP12). A, LaPAP12 expression and Rhizosheath formation in TRV::LaPAP12 and the EV control. Data are means ± standard error (n = 3), the significant differences are indicated **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001, unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. B, Relative abundance (%) of bacterial taxa in the rhizosheath soil of OE-LaPAP12 and EV, and in bulk soil. R1–R3 represent three replicates in each group. C, Sankey diagram of the proportion of bacteria, from the phylum to the genus level. D, Venn diagram of bacterial OTUs in the rhizosheath soil of OE-LaPAP12 and EV, and bulk soil. E, Cladogram showing the differentially expressed taxa (small circles) as different shades (according to LEfSe) in the rhizosheath soil of OE-LaPAP12, EV and in bulk soil. Three replicates of OE-LaPAP12-L1 were subjected to 16S microbiome sequencing analysis. F, Relative abundance of different bacteria in OE-LaPAP12, EV rhizosheath, or bulk soil.