Table 1.
OXTR genotype (rs53576) and oxytocin administration and postpartum hemorrhage for 95 vaginal births
|
OXTR G/G 38 (40.0%) |
OXTR AG/AA 57 (60.0%) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||
| Participant age (years), mean (SD) | 33.1 (4.4) | 33.9 (4.5) |
| Primiparous, n (%) | 13 (34.2) | 30.0 (52.6) |
| Self-reported ancestry (may have 1 or more) | ||
| European, n (%) | 35 (92.1) | 44 (77.2) |
| Latin American, n (%) | 2 (5.3) | 6 (10.5) |
| Asian, n (%) | 2 (5.3) | 10 (17.5) |
| African, n (%) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Other, n (%) | 3 (7.9) | 4 (7.0) |
| Case, n (%) | 19 (50.0) | 20 (35.1) |
| Control, n (%) | 19 (50.0) | 37 (64.9) |
| Antenatal characteristics | ||
| Body Mass Index at delivery (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 30.2 (4.2) | 31.6 (5.5) |
| Gestational diabetes, n (%) | 6 (15.8) | 9 (15.8) |
| Hypertension /preeclampsia (without severe features), n (%) | 2 (2.3) | 7 (12.3) |
| Fibroid uterus, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.5) |
| Anemia during pregnancy, n (%) | 7 (18.9) | 15 (26.3) |
| Labor and Birth Characteristics | ||
| Spontaneous onset of labor, n (%) | 20 (52.6) | 27 (47.3) |
| Fever/ suspected intrapartum infection, n (%) | 2 (5.3) | 4 (7.0) |
| IV antibiotics during labor, n (%) | 14 (36.8) | 13 (22.8) |
| Gestational age at birth (weeks), mean (SD) | 39.6 (1.3) | 39.9 (1.2) |
|
No oxytocin in labor, n (%) Oxytocin in labor, n (%) |
20 (52.6) 18 (47.4) |
20 (35.1) 37 (64.9) |
| Total oxytocin used in labor (Units), median (IQR) | 5.3 (0.6–12.6) | 3.7 (1.3–12.3) |
| Total oxytocin used postpartum (Units), median (IQR) | 10 (10–23.6) | 15.0 (10.0–25.0) |
| Maximum dose oxytocin used in labor (mU/min), median (IQR) | 9.5 (6.0–17.0) | 12 (6.0–17.0) |
| Duration oxytocin used in labor (hours), median (IQR) | 13.0 (3.9–20.9) | 11.4 (6.9–19.0) |
| Duration first stage labor (hours), median (IQR) | 10.5 (5.5–19.7) | 11.6 (7.7–18.3) |
| Duration second stage labor (hours), median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.3–1.8) | 1.0 (0.4–1.9) |
| Length of third stage of labor (minutes), mean (SD) | 11.1 (12.5) | 9.0 (9.1) |
| Female infant sex, n (%) | 21 (55.3) | 27 (47.4) |
| Newborn weight (grams), mean (SD) | 3396.4 (697.4) | 3481.3 (637.0) |
| Postpartum Characteristics | ||
| Postpartum blood loss > = 400 mL, n (%) | 18 (47.4) | 43 (75.4)** |
| Postpartum blood loss > = 1000 mL, n (%) | 3 (7.8) | 11 (19.3) |
| Total blood loss (mL), median (IQR) | 400 (200–600) | 500 (423–800)** |
| Retained placenta/fragments, n (%) | 5 (13.2) | 5 (8.8) |
| Medications used for bleeding/hemorrhage, n (%) | ||
| Active management of third stage labor (Oxytocin IM/IV for prevention) | 34 (89.5) | 47 (82.5) |
| Active management of third stage labor (Oxytocin IM/IV for prevention) | 15 (42.9) | 25 (43.8) |
| Received one or more second-line pharmaceutical treatment (misoprostol, methylergonovine, carboprost tromethamine or tranexamic acid) | 12 (31.8) | 33 (57.9)* |
| Other hemorrhage interventions, n (%) | ||
| Bimanual compression | 3 (7.8) | 13 (22.8)* |
| Dilatation and curettage | 1 (2.6) | 3 (5.3) |
| Bakri Balloon | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.5) |
| Difference in hemoglobin (third trimester to lowest postpartum value in mg/dL), mean (SD) | -0.6 (1.3) | -1.6 (2.2)* |
| Received iron infusion or blood transfusion, n (%) | 3 (7.8) | 9 (15.8) |
| No genital trauma (none/no repair needed), n (%) | 14 (40.0) | 13 (22.8) |
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001