Table 2.
Biomarkers and Echocardiography Variables of the Study Population According to Sex‐Specific FEV1/FVC Ratio Quartiles at ARIC Baseline Visit 5 (n=3476)
| FEV1/FVC | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 |
Model1 P‐trend |
Mode 2 P‐trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarkers | ||||||
| High‐sensitivity CRP, mg/L | 1.7 (0.9–3.7) | 1.7([0.8–3.4) | 2.0 (1.0–4.3) | 1.9 (0.9–4.0) | 0.29* | … |
| NT‐proBNP, pg/mL | 150 (77–272) | 127 (70–239) | 107 (56–200) | 88 (49–168) | <0.001* | <0.001* |
| Structure | ||||||
| Mean wall thickness, cm | 0.96±0.14 | 0.97±0.14 | 0.98±0.13 | 0.97±0.12 | 0.14 | … |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.42±0.07 | 0.42±0.07 | 0.43±0.07 | 0.42±0.07 | 0.67 | … |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 77±19 | 79±19 | 77±18 | 76±16 | 0.55 | … |
| LV mass, g | 140±42 | 145±3 | 145±41 | 142±36 | 0.45 | … |
| LVEDV index, mL/m2 | 43±10 | 44±10 | 43±10 | 43±10 | 0.14 | … |
| Systolic function | ||||||
| LV ejection fraction, % | 65.9±5.9 | 65.9±6.0 | 66.0±58 | 66.1±5.7 | 0.09 | … |
| Longitudinal strain, % | −18.1±2.4 | −18.2±2.4 | −18.1±2.3 | −18.3±2.3 | 0.15 | … |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 50±15 | 49±13 | 47±13 | 48±16 | 0.98 | … |
| Diastolic function | ||||||
| E wave, cm/sec | 67±19 | 66±18 | 66±17 | 66±17 | 0.10 | … |
| A wave, cm/sec | 79±19 | 78±19 | 80±18 | 80±18 | 0.05 | … |
| E/A ratio | 0.87±0.28 | 0.87±0.27 | 0.84±0.26 | 0.85±0.27 | 0.004 | 0.56 |
| Lateral e′, cm/s | 7.2±2.1 | 7.1±2.0 | 7.1±2.0 | 7.2±2.0 | 0.04 | 0.47 |
| E/e′ lateral | 10.1±3.9 | 9.9±3.6 | 9.9±3.7 | 9.7±3.3 | 0.84 | … |
| LA volume index, mL/m2 | 25.5±9.9 | 26.1±7.9 | 25.0±8.0 | 25.1±7.4 | 0.38 | … |
| Right ventricle and pulmonary pressure | ||||||
| Estimated PASP, mm Hg | 28.2±5.5 | 27.5±5.1 | 27.5±5.0 | 27.3±5.2 | 0.09 | … |
| RV fractional area change | 0.53±0.08 | 0.53±0.08 | 0.52±0.07 | 0.52±0.07 | 0.26 | … |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or median (25th–75th percentile). Model 1: age, sex, race. Model 2: age, sex, race, current or prior smoking, hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, body mass index, log high‐sensitivity CRP, log NT‐proBNP. Model 2 analyses were performed only when P<0.05 in model 1. ARIC indicates Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; CRP, C‐reactive protein; FEV1/FVC, forced expired volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity ratio; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; LVEDV, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; and RV, right ventricular.
P value for the log‐transformed CRP and NT‐proBNP trend.