Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristics |
Hospital A (derivation and internal validation data)
N = 22 148 |
Hospital B (external validation data)
N = 11 955 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-HFpEF | HFpEF | P a | Non-HFpEF | HFpEF | P a | P b | |
| Study subjects, N (%) | 18 100 (81.7%) | 4048 (18.3%) | 10 247 (85.7%) | 1708 (14.3%) | <0.001 | ||
| Baseline characteristics | |||||||
| Age | 56.70 (14.99) | 70.44 (11.29) | <0.001 | 55.13 (14.06) | 70.59 (11.75) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Male, N (%) | 56.70 (14.99) | 70.44 (11.29) | <0.001 | 5199 (50.7) | 581 (34.0) | 0.001 | 0.027 |
| Weight | 65.10 (12.02) | 62.85 (12.27) | <0.001 | 66.07 (12.53) | 63.44 (12.95) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Height | 163.15 (9.29) | 157.90 (9.60) | <0.001 | 163.84 (9.24) | 157.65 (9.70) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| BSA | 1.70 (0.19) | 1.63 (0.19) | <0.001 | 1.72 (0.19) | 1.64 (0.20) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LVSD | 28.63 (4.58) | 29.19 (5.69) | <0.001 | 29.64 (3.82) | 29.82 (4.81) | 0.080 | <0.001 |
| LVDD | 46.64 (4.66) | 47.60 (5.95) | <0.001 | 47.90 (3.88) | 48.61 (4.93) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LAD | 37.35 (5.83) | 45.50 (7.30) | <0.001 | 35.80 (4.96) | 41.40 (6.83) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LAVI | 24.72 (7.15) | 33.60 (9.70) | <0.001 | 20.06 (5.63) | 27.04 (7.75) | <0.001 | |
| E | 62.41 (17.18) | 71.01 (23.12) | <0.001 | 64.87 (16.85) | 72.98 (21.49) | <0.001 | 0.003 |
| A | 67.90 (17.99) | 84.99 (24.33) | <0.001 | 68.52 (17.96) | 89.36 (22.67) | <0.001 | 0.010 |
| DT | 196.43 (46.93) | 219.07 (60.44) | <0.001 | 213.72 (43.76) | 232.60 (54.24) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| E′ | 7.38 (2.57) | 4.88 (1.55) | <0.001 | 7.30 (2.39) | 4.49 (1.40) | <0.001 | 0.470 |
| A′ | 8.99 (1.84) | 7.91 (2.09) | <0.001 | 8.72 (1.84) | 7.96 (1.99) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| E over E′ | 8.98 (2.70) | 14.27 (4.24) | <0.001 | 9.35 (2.49) | 15.70 (3.53) | <0.001 | 0.984 |
| TR velocity | 2.20 (0.25) | 2.44 (0.37) | <0.001 | 2.19 (0.22) | 2.43 (0.36) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| EF | 59.00 (6.26) | 57.14 (6.43) | <0.001 | 62.35 (6.30) | 62.22 (7.24) | 0.467 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate | 71.78 (14.10) | 71.68 (16.04) | 0.706 | 70.38 (13.29) | 72.18 (16.18) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| PR interval | 156.55 (48.26) | 143.52 (77.02) | <0.001 | 160.29 (38.24) | 154.08 (65.09) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| QT interval | 398.26 (36.74) | 416.96 (46.14) | <0.001 | 399.30 (35.40) | 412.06 (46.57) | <0.001 | 0.205 |
| QTc | 430.70 (28.91) | 449.02 (35.64) | <0.001 | 428.10 (27.47) | 445.22 (34.84) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| QRSd | 94.78 (14.68) | 98.79 (20.16) | <0.001 | 94.62 (13.35) | 97.65 (17.89) | <0.001 | 0.008 |
| P axis | 66.31 (82.62) | 105.36 (133.91) | <0.001 | 54.96 (61.12) | 76.11 (110.36) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| R axis | 39.64 (41.18) | 32.51 (44.63) | <0.001 | 39.90 (38.24) | 29.34 (38.93) | 0.001 | 0.911 |
| T axis | 39.91 (38.97) | 58.50 (67.44) | <0.001 | 37.65 (32.40) | 55.79 (59.90) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
A, late diastolic mitral inflow velocity; A′, late diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity; BSA, body surface area; DT, deceleration time; E, early diastolic mitral inflow velocity; E′, early diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity; EF, ejection fraction; LAD, left atrial dimension; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LVDD, left ventricular diastolic dimension; LVSD, left ventricular systolic dimension; QRSd QRS duration; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
The alternative hypothesis for this P-value was that there is a difference between the heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and non-heart failure with preserved ejection fraction data group for each variable.
The alternative hypothesis for this P-value was that there is a difference between the hospital A (development and internal validation data group) and B (external validation group) for each variable.