TABLE 3.
All Complications, by Race and Ethnicity and Risk-Standardized Morbidity Rate of the Delivery Hospital, Rate per 1000 Births | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race and Ethnicity | Neonatal Deatha | Respiratory | Neurologic and/or Birth Injury | Infection | Neonatal Transferb | Shock and/or Resuscitation | Length of Stay >5 d With No Listed Complicationc |
Tertile 1 (lowest risk-standardized hospital neonatal morbidity rates) | |||||||
Non-Hispanic white | 0.1 | 19.7 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.0 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 0.3 | 27.9 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 8.7 |
Hispanic | 0.1 | 22.8 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 4.8 |
Non-Hispanic Asian American | 0.1 | 16.0 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 2.8 |
Tertile 2 | |||||||
Non-Hispanic white | 0.0 | 30.6 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 5.9 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 0.2 | 33.8 | 5.3 | 10.0 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 13.0 |
Hispanic | 0.4 | 29.6 | 6.9 | 7.8 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 9.6 |
Non-Hispanic Asian American | 0.0 | 25.3 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 10.2 |
Tertile 3 (highest risk-standardized hospital neonatal morbidity rates) | |||||||
Non-Hispanic white | 0.1 | 45.3 | 5.5 | 11.4 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 8.2 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 0.2 | 66.7 | 8.4 | 33.5 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 17.8 |
Hispanic | 0.2 | 43.4 | 9.6 | 19.4 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 11.4 |
Non-Hispanic Asian American | 0.1 | 47.5 | 7.0 | 19.7 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 12.1 |
Complications were classified by using the unexpected complications in term newborns algorithm, available from the California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative at https://www.cmqcc.org/focus-areas/quality-metrics/unexpected-complications-term-newborns/.
Death within 28 d of birth.
Transfer to a higher level of care.
Infant length of stay >5 days, no neonatal complication coded on discharge record, and no codes for jaundice and phototherapy or social reasons for extended length of stay.