Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of the EMA study population.
| ASD | ID | GP | ASD vs GP | ASD vs ID | ID vs GP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 540 | N = 184 | N = 420 | ||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | χ2 p value | χ2 p value | χ2 p value | |
| Maternal age | 0.08 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <20 | 17 (3.15%) | 26 (14.13%) | 21 (5.0%) | |||
| 20–24 | 80 (14.81%) | 41 (22.28%) | 70 (16.67%) | |||
| 25–29 | 146 (27.04%) | 51 (27.72%) | 129 (30.71%) | |||
| 30–34 | 196 (36.3%) | 43 (23.37%) | 145 (34.52%) | |||
| >=35 | 101 (18.7%) | 23 (12.5%) | 55 (13.1%) | |||
| Maternal race | 0.20 | <0.001 | 0.01 | |||
| White | 399 (73.89%) | 160 (86.96%) | 334 (79.52%) | |||
| Asian | 109 (20.19%) | 11 (5.98%) | 65 (15.48%) | |||
| Other | 27 (5.0%) | 12 (6.52%) | 19 (4.52%) | |||
| Missing | 5 (0.93%) | 1 (0.54%) | 2 (0.48%) | |||
| Maternal ethnicity | 0.14 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Hispanic | 220 (40.74%) | 128 (69.57%) | 198 (47.14%) | |||
| Not Hispanic | 315 (58.33%) | 55 (29.89%) | 219 (52.14%) | |||
| Missing | 5 (0.93%) | 1 (0.54%) | 3 (0.71%) | |||
| Parity | 0.02 | 0.005 | 0.30 | |||
| Multiparous | 294 (54.44%) | 122 (66.3%) | 260 (61.9%) | |||
| Primiparious | 246 (45.56%) | 62 (33.7%) | 160 (38.1%) | |||
| Maternal birth country | 0.05 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| US | 267 (49.44%) | 83 (45.11%) | 203 (48.33%) | |||
| Mexico | 130 (24.07%) | 84 (45.65%) | 127 (30.24%) | |||
| Other | 143 (26.48%) | 17 (9.24%) | 90 (21.43%) | |||
| Maternal education | 0.01 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <High School | 98 (18.15%) | 78 (42.39%) | 102 (24.29%) | |||
| High School Grad | 114 (21.11%) | 47 (25.54%) | 112 (26.67%) | |||
| Undergrad College | 220 (40.74%) | 46 (25.0%) | 144 (34.29%) | |||
| Post-Grad College | 100 (18.52%) | 11 (5.98%) | 59 (14.05%) | |||
| Unknown | 8 (1.48%) | 2 (1.09%) | 3 (0.71%) | |||
| Child characteristics | ||||||
| Child Sex | 0.62 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 442 (81.85%) | 102 (55.43%) | 349 (83.1%) | |||
| Female | 98 (18.15%) | 82 (44.57%) | 71 (16.9%) | |||
| Birth type | 0.33 | 0.93 | 0.39 | |||
| Singleton | 526 (97.41%) | 179 (97.28%) | 413 (98.33%) | |||
| Multiple | 14 (2.59%) | 5 (2.72%) | 7 (1.67%) | |||
| Birth weight | 0.10 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <1500 g | 5 (0.93%) | 14 (7.61%) | 6 (1.43%) | |||
| 1500–2499 g | 37 (6.85%) | 25 (13.59%) | 16 (3.81%) | |||
| >=2500 g | 498 (92.22%) | 145 (78.8%) | 398 (94.76%) | |||
| Gestational age | 0.92 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <32 weeks | 11 (2.04%) | 16 (8.7%) | 9 (2.14%) | |||
| 33–36 weeks | 41 (7.59%) | 26 (14.13%) | 29 (6.9%) | |||
| >=37 weeks | 488 (90.37%) | 142 (77.17%) | 382 (90.95%) | |||
Demographic differences between groups was calculated by χ2 test and p values > 0.05 were bolded and considered significant.
ASD Autism Spectrum Disorders, ID intellectual disability, GP general population.