Table 5.
Maternal IgG reactivity to MAR ASD + patterns by ASD phenotypic subgroups.
| Antibody Pattern | ASD + ID N = 285 | ASD no-ID N = 219 | GP N = 420 | ASD + ID vs GP | ASD + ID vs GP | ASD no-ID vs GP | ASD no-ID vs GP | ASD + ID vs ASD no-ID | ASD + ID vs ASD no-ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | Fisher’s Exact p value | OR 95% CI | Fisher’s Exact p value | OR 95% CI | Fisher’s Exact p value | OR 95% CI | |
| ANY COMBO | 32 (11.23) | 21 (9.59) | 6 (1.43) | <0.001 | 8.7 (3.52 to 25.82) | < 0.01 | 7.29 (2.79 to 22.44) | 0.66 | 1.19 (0.64 to 2.25) |
| CRMP1 + CRMP2 | 9 (3.16) | 5 (2.28) | 0 (0) | <0.001 | 18.91 (3.81 to > 999.99) | < 0.01 | 13.11 (2.37 to > 999.99) | 0.60 | 1.39 (0.41 to 5.38) |
| CRMP2 + STIP1 | 8 (2.81) | 1 (0.46) | 0 (0) | <0.001 | 16.66 (3.3 to > 999.99) | 0.34 | 1.92 (0.1 to >999.99) | 0.08 | 6.28 (0.83 to 280.63) |
| CRMP1 + GDA | 7 (2.46) | 1 (0.46) | 1 (0.24) | 0.01 | 10.52 (1.34 to 476.6) | 1.00 | 1.92 (0.02 to 151.23) | 0.15 | 5.48 (0.7 to 248.51) |
| LDHA + YBOX | 5 (1.75) | 4 (1.83) | 1 (0.24) | 0.04 | 7.46 (0.83 to 354.71) | 0.05 | 7.77 (0.76 to 384.79) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.2 to 4.9) |
| NSE + STIP1 | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.91) | 0 (0.) | 0.16 | 3.57 (0.42 to >999.99) | 0.12 | 4.65 (0.55 to >999.99) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.06 to 10.66) |
| LDHB + YBOX | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.91) | 0 (0.) | 0.16 | 3.57 (0.42 to >999.99) | 0.12 | 4.65 (0.55 to >999.99) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.06 to 10.66) |
| CRMP1 + STIP1 | 4 (1.4) | 5 (2.28) | 1 (0.24) | 0.16 | 5.95 (0.58 to 294.42) | 0.02 | 9.76 (1.08 to 464.1) | 0.51 | 0.61 (0.12 to 2.87) |
| GDA + YBOX | 1 (0.35) | 4 (1.83) | 0 (0) | 0.40 | 1.47 (0.08 to >999.99) | 0.01 | 10.26 (1.73 to > 999.99) | 0.17 | 0.19 (0.02 to 1.94) |
| STIP1 + YBOX | 1 (0.35) | 2 (0.91) | 3 (0.71) | 0.65 | 0.49 (0.01 to 6.14) | 1.00 | 1.28 (0.11 to 11.27) | 0.58 | 0.38 (0.01 to 7.4) |
ASD + ID Autism spectrum disorder with co-occurring intellectual disability, ASD no-ID autism spectrum disorder without co-occurring intellectual disability, GP general population, CRMP1 and CRMP2 collapsin response mediator proteins 1 and 2, GDA guanine deaminase, NSE neuron specific enolase, LDHA-B lactate dehydrogenase A and B, STIP1 stress induced phosphoprotein 1, YBOX Y-box binding protein 1.
Fisher’s exact test (two-sided) was used to evaluate the association of the patterns with ASD diagnosis and p values > 0.05 were bolded and considered significant.
The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using exact logistic regression, which is appropriate for small or zero cell sizes. Note that a zero-cell size for the number exposed in the reference group results in an unbounded upper confidence interval limit for the OR, displayed as >999.99.