Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, by pS6 status and overall.
| Characteristic | pS6 high (n = 181) | pS6 low (n = 183) | All patients (N = 364) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Gender - n (%) | ||||
| Male | 156 (86.2) | 159 (86.9) | 315 (86.5) | 0.88* |
| Female | 25 (13.8) | 24 (13.1) | 49 (13.5) | |
| Ethnicity - n (%) | ||||
| African | 1 (0.6) | – | 1 (0.3) | – |
| Caucasian | 168 (98.8) | 174 (99.4) | 342 (99.1) | |
| East Asian | 1 (0.6) | – | 1 (0.3) | |
| Other | – | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 11 | 8 | 19 | |
| ECOG Performance status - n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 62 (45.9) | 52 (48.6) | 114 (47.1) | 0.86*,~ |
| 1 | 59 (43.7) | 46 (43.0) | 105 (43.4) | |
| ≥2 | 14 (10.4) | 9 (8.4) | 23 (9.5) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 46 | 76 | 122 | |
| Smoking history - n (%) | ||||
| Current | 18 (10.1) | 23 (12.9) | 41 (11.5) | 0.70*,~ |
| Former | 88 (49.4) | 83 (46.6) | 171 (48.0) | |
| Never | 72 (40.4) | 72 (40.4) | 144 (40.4) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 3 | 5 | 8 | |
| Exposure to asbestos - n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 83 (52.5) | 90 (50.6) | 173 (51.5) | 0.95*,~ |
| Possible | 39 (24.7) | 46 (25.8) | 85 (25.3) | 0.90*,~,$ |
| No | 36 (22.8) | 42 (23.6) | 78 (23.2) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 23 | 5 | 28 | |
| Asbestos fibers detected in lung¥ - n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 9 (12.3) | 36 (43.9) | 45 (29.0) | – |
| No | 2 (2.7) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (1.9) | |
| Not tested | 62 (84.9) | 45 (54.9) | 107 (69.0) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 49 | 54 | 103 | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | ||||
| n | 181 (100.0) | 183 (100.0) | 364 (100.0) | 0.21§ |
| Mean (95% CI) | 63.7 (62.4 – 65.0) | 62.7 (61.5 – 64.0) | 63.2 (62.3 - 64.1) | |
| Median (Min-Max) | 65 (35 - 89) | 63 (33 - 89) | 64 (33 - 89) | |
| Tumour characteristics | ||||
| Histology - n (%) | ||||
| Epithelioid | 136 (75.1) | 120 (65.6) | 256 (70.3) | 0.051*,† |
| Non-epithelioid, incl: | 45(24.9) | 63 (34.4) | 108 (29.7) | 0.0024*,^ |
| Biphasic | 31 (17.1) | 57 (31.1) | 88 (24.2) | |
| Sarcomatoid | 14 (7.7) | 6 (3.3) | 20 (5.5) | |
| Localization - n (%) | ||||
| Right | 111 (61.3) | 93 (50.8) | 204 (56.0) | 0.034*,& FDR adj: 0.14 |
| Left | 67 (37.0) | 89 (48.6) | 156 (42.9) | |
| Both | 3 (1.7) | 1 (0.5) | 4 (1.1) | |
| Clinical T stage - n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 23 (15.9) | 31 (20.5) | 54 (18.2) | 0.14*,~ |
| 2 | 57 (39.3) | 69 (45.7) | 126 (42.6) | |
| 3 | 44 (30.3) | 40 (26.5) | 84 (28.4) | |
| 4 | 21 (14.5) | 11 (7.3) | 32 (10.8) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 36 | 32 | 68 | |
| Clinical N stage - n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 101 (70.6) | 97 (64.2) | 198 (67.3) | 0.11*,~ |
| 1 | 12 (8.4) | 27 (17.9) | 39 (13.3) | |
| 2 | 22 (15.4) | 21 (13.9) | 43 (14.6) | |
| 3 | 8 (5.6) | 6 (4.0) | 14 (4.8) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 38 | 32 | 70 | |
| Clinical M stage - n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 138 (95.2) | 145 (99.3) | 283 (97.3) | 0.036*,~ FDR adj: 0.14 |
| 1 | 7 (4.8) | 1 (0.7) | 8 (2.7) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 36 | 37 | 73 | |
| Clinical staging - n (%) | ||||
| I | 15 (10.5) | 25 (17.1) | 40 (13.8) | 0.081*,~ |
| II | 47 (32.9) | 44 (30.1) | 91 (31.5) | |
| III | 55 (38.5) | 63 (43.2) | 118 (40.8) | |
| IV | 26 (18.2) | 14 (9.6) | 40 (13.8) | |
| Unknown/Missing | 38 | 37 | 75 | |
| Treatment strategy | ||||
| Palliative | 69 (38.1) | 44 (24.0) | 113 (31.0) | 0.0032*,# |
| Complete Resection | 110 (60.8) | 139 (76.0) | 249 (68.4) | FDR adj: 0.039 |
| None | 2 (1.1) | – | 2 (0.5) | |
(*)Fisher’s exact test, (~) Category “Unknown/Missing” is excluded, ($) Categories “Yes” and “Possible” are combined, (¥) All percentages are over the total number of patients who were exposed to asbestos (yes/possible), (§) Mann–Whitney U test, (†) epithelioid vs. non-epithelioid, (^) epithelioid vs. biphasic vs. sarcomatoid, (&) Category “Both” is excluded, (#) Category ‘None’ is excluded.
Statistically significant p-values are in bold.