Fig. 3. Association of TESPA1 rs4374022 with hippocampus volumes and mRNA expression.

A The bar plot shows estimated means of Age-adjusted DNAmTL adjusted for sex, race, blood cell proportions, BMI, and smoking status in all samples combined. Age-adjusted DNAmTL differed significantly between genotype groups (p = 3.75 × 10⁻⁸). Effect allele C of genome-wide significant SNP rs4374022 is associated with DNAmTL shortening by 0.058 kilobases per year, the y-axis is age-adjusted DNAmTL and the x-axis describes the genotype group of rs4374022. B Box plot shows association of TESPA1 mRNA expression in the hippocampus brain tissue across genotype groups (p = 0.04), The effect allele C is associated with decreased mRNA expression. The y-axis is a log2 transformed expression scale. C, D The bar plots show estimated means left and right hippocampus volumes among AUD sample. C Decreased left hippocampus volumes is associated with the number of allele C (additive effect: p = 0.002), D Decreased right hippocampus volumes is associated with the number of allele C (additive effect: p = 0.01).