Table 2.
Multivariable linear regression model of outcomes of hearing thresholds.
| Variables (umol/L) | Low-frequency PTA (dB) | High-frequency PTA (dB) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude model | Model 1 | Model 2 | Crude model | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
| n-6 | LA | β (95% CI) | 0.52 (−0.10, 1.15) | −0.24 (−0.81, 0.32) | −0.18 (−0.76, 0.40) | 2.91 (1.58, 4.24) | 0.89 (−0.16, 1.94) | 0.92 (−0.15, 1.98) |
| P trend | 0.1026 | 0.3987 | 0.5472 | <0.0001 | 0.0978 | 0.0928 | ||
| GLA | β (95% CI) | 1.36 (0.75, 1.97) | 0.06 (−0.52, 0.63) | −0.01 (−0.60, 0.58) | 4.62 (3.35, 5.89) | 0.67 (−0.40, 1.73) | 0.51 (−0.57, 1.59) | |
| P trend | <0.0001 | 0.8487 | 0.9697 | <0.0001 | 0.2192 | 0.3584 | ||
| EDA | β (95% CI) | 0.84 (0.24, 1.45) | 0.01 (−0.54, 0.56) | −0.07 (−0.64, 0.50) | 4.37 (3.11, 5.64) | 2.18 (1.17, 3.19) | 2.22 (1.19, 3.26) | |
| P trend | 0.0064 | 0.9813 | 0.8216 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||
| HGLA | β (95% CI) | 0.90 (0.28, 1.53) | 0.14 (−0.43, 0.71) | 0.03 (−0.57, 0.62) | 3.49 (2.17, 4.81) | 1.57 (0.52, 2.61) | 1.35 (0.27, 2.44) | |
| P trend | 0.0047 | 0.6290 | 0.9318 | <0.0001 | 0.0033 | 0.0148 | ||
| AA | β (95% CI) | 0.46 (−0.15, 1.08) | −0.82 (−1.39, −0.26) | −0.80 (−1.37, −0.22) | 3.32 (2.03, 4.61) | −0.21 (−1.26, 0.85) | −0.18 (−1.24, 0.89) | |
| P trend | 0.1378 | 0.0045 | 0.0070 | <0.0001 | 0.6989 | 0.7459 | ||
| DTA | β (95% CI) | 0.74 (0.12, 1.36) | 0.02 (−0.54, 0.58) | −0.16 (−0.75, 0.43) | 2.96 (1.65, 4.28) | 0.64 (−0.40, 1.68) | 0.30 (−0.78, 1.39) | |
| P trend | 0.0192 | 0.9485 | 0.5895 | <0.0001 | 0.2293 | 0.5808 | ||
| DPAn−6 | β (95% CI) | 0.42 (−0.20, 1.03) | 0.12 (−0.43, 0.67) | −0.04 (−0.60, 0.53) | 2.07 (0.76, 3.38) | 1.42 (0.40, 2.44) | 1.22 (0.19, 2.26) | |
| P trend | 0.1868 | 0.6741 | 0.8938 | 0.0021 | 0.0064 | 0.0206 | ||
| n-3 | ALA | β (95% CI) | 0.53 (−0.10, 1.15) | 0.16 (−0.40, 0.72) | 0.17 (−0.41, 0.74) | 2.17 (0.84, 3.49) | 1.00 (−0.03, 2.03) | 1.00 (−0.06, 2.05) |
| P trend | 0.0977 | 0.5711 | 0.5694 | 0.0014 | 0.0580 | 0.0637 | ||
| EPA | β (95% CI) | 0.94 (0.33, 1.55) | −0.52 (−1.10, 0.05) | −0.37 (−0.96, 0.22) | 4.57 (3.30, 5.85) | 0.61 (−0.46, 1.67) | 0.95 (−0.13, 2.03) | |
| P trend | 0.0025 | 0.0756 | 0.2137 | <0.0001 | 0.2639 | 0.0863 | ||
| DPA | β (95% CI) | 1.45 (0.83, 2.07) | −0.23 (−0.83, 0.37) | −0.25 (−0.86, 0.37) | 4.54 (3.24, 5.84) | −0.32 (−1.44, 0.79) | −0.41 (−1.53, 0.71) | |
| P trend | <0.0001 | 0.4538 | 0.4317 | <0.0001 | 0.5693 | 0.4748 | ||
| DHA | β (95% CI) | 0.01 (−0.60, 0.62) | −0.91 (−1.46, −0.36) | −0.79 (−1.36, −0.23) | 2.26 (0.97, 3.55) | 0.28 (−0.75, 1.31) | 0.87 (−0.17, 1.92) | |
| P trend | 0.9831 | 0.0013 | 0.0061 | 0.0006 | 0.5979 | 0.1008 | ||
Crude Model = unadjusted. Model 1 = Crude Model + sex, age. Model 2 = Model 1 + race/ethnicity, education level, firearm noise exposure, occupational noise exposure, recreational noise exposure, serum cotinine, BMI, diabetes, and hypertension.
The bold values indicate the significant values.