Table 3.
Adjusteda associations between PUFAs and hearing threshold shifts stratified by age (N = 913).
| P trend | P interaction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HGLA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | 0.11 (−1.06, 1.27) | 0.77 (−0.52, 2.05) | 0.2502 | 0.0041 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | −0.58 (−2.56, 1.40) | 0.13 (−1.77, 2.02) | 0.7199 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −1.83 (−7.60, 3.94) | −3.63 (−9.03, 1.78) | 0.1846 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | −0.01 (−1.76, 1.73) | 2.03 (0.10, 3.95) | 0.0457 | 0.0182 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 5.49 (1.21, 9.78) | 6.38 (2.28, 10.48) | 0.0056 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −3.72 (−12.10, 4.65) | −3.83 (−11.67, 4.02) | 0.3737 | ||
| DTA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | −0.31 (−1.46, 0.84) | 0.58 (−0.73, 1.89) | 0.4546 | 0.2038 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 1.09 (−0.84, 3.02) | 0.71 (−1.19, 2.60) | 0.5854 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −6.55 (−11.71, −1.39) | −4.46 (−9.03, 0.10) | 0.1000 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | 0.04 (−1.70, 1.78) | 1.19 (−0.79, 3.16) | 0.2698 | 0.0371 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 0.80 (−3.40, 4.99) | 4.38 (0.26, 8.50) | 0.0216 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −8.22 (−15.56, −0.87) | −10.76 (−17.25, 4.26) | 0.0020 | ||
| DPAn−6 (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | 1.03 (−0.72, 2.78) | 0.42 (−1.33, 2.18) | 0.9167 | 0.8037 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 1.03 (−0.72, 2.78) | 0.42 (−1.33, 2.18) | 0.6942 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −0.96 (−6.03, 4.11) | −0.77 (−5.27, 3.72) | 0.7439 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | 1.73 (−2.05, 5.52) | 5.90 (2.11, 9.69) | 0.0676 | 0.0010 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 1.73 (−2.05, 5.52) | 5.90 (2.11, 9.69) | 0.0020 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −0.24 (−7.45, 6.97) | −5.93 (−12.31, 0.46) | 0.0648 | ||
| EPA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | −0.92 (−2.05, 0.22) | −1.14 (−2.42, 0.14) | 0.0628 | 0.4376 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 0.48 (−1.50, 2.46) | −0.64 (−2.58, 1.30) | 0.3733 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −2.66 (−8.24, 2.92) | 0.63 (−4.54, 5.81) | 0.6878 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | 0.99 (−0.72, 2.71) | −0.07 (−2.00, 1.87) | 0.9011 | 0.0334 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 1.22 (−3.06, 5.50) | 6.09 (1.90, 10.28) | 0.0017 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −10.50 (−18.31, −2.69) | −0.37 (−7.61, 6.88) | 0.7716 | ||
| DHA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | −1.26 (−2.39, −0.13) | −1.78 (−3.07, −0.48) | 0.0048 | 0.3053 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | −0.99 (−2.73, 0.76) | −0.94 (−2.72, 0.84) | 0.3134 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −0.15 (−5.63, 5.33) | −1.92 (−6.33, 2.49) | 0.3878 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | 20 ≤ y <40 | Ref | −0.83 (−2.56, 0.89) | −0.55 (−2.52, 1.43) | 0.5064 | 0.0028 |
| 40 ≤ y <60 | Ref | 2.01 (−1.77, 5.78) | 6.27 (2.42, 10.12) | 0.0014 | ||
| 60 ≤ y <69 | Ref | −8.00 (−15.82, 0.18) | −5.93 (−12.31, 0.46) | 0.4079 | ||
aAdjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, serum cotinine, firearm noise exposure, occupational noise exposure, and recreational noise exposure.
The bold values indicate the significant values.