Table 4.
Adjusteda associations between PUFAs and hearing threshold shifts stratified by sex (N = 913).
| P trend | P interaction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EDA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | 0.42 (−1.13, 1.98) | −1.75 (−3.37, −0.13) | 0.0386 | 0.0004 |
| Female | Ref | 0.77 (−0.81, 2.36) | 1.94 (0.34, 3.54) | 0.0168 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | 1.42 (−1.78, 4.62) | 3.34 (0.01, 6.68) | 0.0501 | 0.1601 |
| Female | Ref | 1.36 (−1.00, 3.71) | 5.41 (3.03, 7.78) | <0.0001 | ||
| AA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | −2.05 (−3.58, −0.51) | −2.69 (−4.24, −1.14) | 0.0008 | 0.0230 |
| Female | Ref | 0.48 (−1.10, 2.06) | −0.06 (−1.78, 1.67) | 0.9547 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | −1.89 (−5.07, 1.30) | −0.56 (−3.78, 2.66) | 0.7411 | 0.2258 |
| Female | Ref | 1.21 (−1.18, 3.59) | 0.74 (−1.87, 3.35) | 0.5723 | ||
| DPAn-6 (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | 0.20 (−1.55, 1.96) | −1.26 (−3.37, 0.84) | 0.2321 | 0.0027 |
| Female | Ref | 1.40 (−0.39, 3.18) | 2.55 (0.24, 4.85) | 0.0307 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | 2.13 (−1.46, 5.73) | 4.16 (−0.16, 8.48) | 0.0594 | 0.8201 |
| Female | Ref | 2.22 (−0.46, 4.90) | 3.54 (0.08, 7.01) | 0.0450 | ||
| ALA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | 0.96 (−0.67, 2.58) | −0.36 (−2.05, 1.33) | 0.6071 | 0.0002 |
| Female | Ref | 0.86 (−0.70, 2.42) | 1.51 (−0.28, 3.30) | 0.0959 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | −2.07 (−5.40, 1.27) | 0.66 (−2.80, 4.13) | 0.6347 | 0.0016 |
| Female | Ref | 1.12 (−1.20, 3.45) | 4.13 (1.47, 6.79) | 0.0028 | ||
| DHA (umol/L) β (95% CI) | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Low-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | −0.59 (−2.07, 0.89) | −2.31 (−3.94, −0.67) | 0.0057 | 0.0313 |
| Female | Ref | −1.23 (−2.85, 0.39) | −1.54 (−3.22, 0.15) | 0.5176 | ||
| High-frequency PTA | Male | Ref | −1.61 (−4.67, 1.44) | 1.81 (−1.56, 5.18) | 0.1018 | 0.3300 |
| Female | Ref | 1.16 (−1.28, 3.60) | 0.16 (−2.37, 2.70) | 0.4506 | ||
aAdjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education level, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, serum cotinine level, firearm noise exposure, occupational noise exposure, and recreational noise exposure.
The bold values indicate the significant values.