Figure 5.

GSK3β/β-catenin pathway is involved in Per2 mediated adaptive radioprotection (see also Figure S6)

(A) Correlation of Per2 and GSK3β in human mammalian tissue analyzed with the GEPIA database. Pearson correlation analysis, R = Pearson correlation coefficient.

(B) Correlation of Per2 and β-catenin in human mammalian tissue analyzed with the GEPIA database. Pearson correlation analysis, R = Pearson correlation coefficient.

(C) Left, western blot of phosphorylated GSK3β (Ser9), AKT, p-AKT and active β-catenin in Per2^wt and Per2^def BMMNCs; right, relative expression of indicated proteins quantified with ImageJ and normalized with β-actin levels. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 3, ∗∗p < 0.01, ns p > 0.05, Student’s t test.

(D) Western blot of phosphorylated GSK3β (Ser9) in Per2^wt/GSKß^wt MEFs following exposure to LDR with estimated GSK3β phosphorylation peak at 12 h.

(E) Cell apoptosis of Per2^wt/GSKß^wt MEFs compared to Per2^wt/GSKß^ko MEFs after treated with LDR (10 cGy), HDR (5 Gy), or LDR 12 h before HDR. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 3, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ns p > 0.05, ANOVA two-way test was applied.

(F) Western blot of pGSK3β(Ser9), GSK3β, and active β-catenin in Per2^wt and Per2^def mice BMMNCs 12 h after sham and LDR.

(G) Relative expression of pGSK3β and active β-catenin in Per2^wt and Per2^def mice BMMNCs 12 h after LDR was quantified with ImageJ and normalized with β-actin levels. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 3, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ns p > 0.05, Student’s t test.

(H) Western blot of pGSK3β(Ser9), GSK3β, active β-catenin, and Per2 in Per2^wt/GSK3ß^wt and Per2^wt/GSK3ß^ko MEFs 12 h after sham and LDR.

(I) Relative expression of PER2 and active β-catenin in Per2^wt/GSK3ß^wt and Per2^wt/GSK3ß^ko MEFs 12 h after sham and LDR was quantified with ImageJ and normalized with β-actin levels. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 3, ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ns p > 0.05, ANOVA two-way test was applied.