Table 2.
Summary of Components Across Studies
| Components | All studies meeting criteria (N = 67) N (%) |
EBQI studies (N = 25) N (%) |
EBQI–compatible studies (N = 42) N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evidence to identify target | 36 (54%) | 18 (72%) | 18 (43%) |
| Iterative development | 49 (73%) | 20 (80%) | 29 (69%) |
| Engagement of stakeholders | 51 (76%) | 20 (80%) | 31 (74%) |
| Evidence to identify intervention | 59 (88%) | 23 (92%) | 36 (86%) |
| QI facilitation | 35 (52%) | 12 (48%) | 23 (55%) |
| Leadership involvement | 31 (46%) | 14 (56%) | 17 (41%) |
| Priority setting with leadership | 19 (28% | 11 (44%) | 9 (21%) |
| Frontline engagement | 44 (66%) | 20 (80%) | 24 (57%) |
| Evidence to determine success | 67 (100%) | 25 (100%) | 42 (100%) |
| Analytical support | 20 (30%) | 9 (36%) | 11 (26%) |
Note: Evidence to identify target: using data to identify the target of the QI intervention; Iterative: iterative and interactive process for selecting the intervention within the discussion; Engagement of stakeholders: reaching out to stakeholders within the organization in a collaborative process; Evidence to identify intervention: literature review to identify effective interventions in the research literature; QI facilitation: quality improvement facilitation may refer to an external facilitator, internal QI coordinator, or learning collaborative; Leadership involvement: involvement of organizational leadership beyond one-time approval or briefing at the end; Priority setting with leadership: organizational leadership was involved in prioritizing the target of the QI intervention; Frontline engagement: engagement of frontline personnel from the start, not only after the process change was decided; Evidence to determine success: use of evidence to determine the effect of the intervention; Analytic support: support from a dedicated statistician or analyst beyond the clinical team